Piaget s Theory Of Child Development - 1085 Words

Theories of Child Development Child development is the study of how a child’s behavior and thought processes affect their ability to develop at the proper rate. There are many factors to be considered when referring to the development of a child as children are so easily moldable. A child starts out with a blank slate and from then on their experiences, their social groups, parents, environment and so much more will take part in how they will develop. Two very influential people in psychology, Sigmund Freud and Jean Piaget, had an interesting take on what a child goes through as they develop through each stage. Freud and Piaget both came up with their own theories as to how a child grows cognitively throughout their life. These two psychologists set the standard for modern day practices with Freud’s realization of infants needs, Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, and how Piaget shaped child development in modern schooling. Sigmund Freud was one of the very first psychologists to delve into the topic of child development; he had a very unique outlook. Initially, people agreed with his theory called the Psychosexual Theory, which contains four stages. The first being the oral stage, this happens when a child is an infant. The child will experience and discover new things with their mouths. â€Å"†¦The infant may swallow that which is experienced as pleasant and spit out anything experienced as unpleasant.† (Garcia, 1995, p. 499) The next stage is referred to as the analShow MoreRelatedPiaget s Theory On Child Development920 Words   |  4 PagesChildren are not simply small adults who are still growing; they learn differently and experience the world in a variation of ways that opposes adult reasoning. Piaget’s theory on child development asserts that there are four stages of cognitive development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Piaget also suggested that human thinking is arranged into schemes, â€Å"organized mental patterns that represent behaviors and actions† (Feldman, 2015, p. 17). These schemes areRead MorePiaget Of A Child s Brain Development Theory1057 Words   |  5 Pagesare constantly learning about new theories and expanding the knowledge on those that we already know, about the physical and mental development of Children. Through past and present theorists, we are shown whole new aspects of how a child develops to make up the being that they become. Through Piaget’s ‘Congnitive development theory’ we are shown the stages of a child’s brain development with a strong focus on the ages newborn – 11 years onwards. Piaget’s main theory is that children are able to constructRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory On Child Development2312 Words   |  10 PagesJean Piaget has introduced theories on child development from 1896-1980. He is the the most cited and most influe ntial on cognitive development. Piaget is the foundation of current child developmental in psychology. His inspiration came from observing children’s as he even used his own. His development of the cognitive deployment focused on mental process, remembering, believing and reasoning. To help explain his theory, Piaget’s came up with Stage-bound cognitive development. â€Å"Stage-bound isRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Child Development Essay1597 Words   |  7 Pageschildren’s development and developing a proper classroom and lesson plan well help you to properly prepare and help each student in your center. Throughout this paper we will summarize Piaget’s Stage Theory, identify and describe the developmental characteristics of the age group of 2-4 years old, design and describe the physical layout of facility or classroom that aligns with Piaget’s Stage Theory, and create an activity for each developmental domain. Jean Piaget is one of the pioneers to child developmentRead MoreOutline the main similarities and differences between Piaget‚Äà ´s and Vygotsky‚Äà ´s explanations for cognitive development in children1702 Words   |  7 Pagesfor cognitive development in children. Piaget and Vygotsky were both, looking into the same period of cognitive development in infants and children and sharing the same basic concerns. Piaget (1896-1980) developing his theory slightly earlier than Vygotsky (1896-1934) who worked to show that there were certain flaws in Piaget s theory of genetic epistemology. Vogotsky and his social-cultural theory of cognitive development might be seen as the Soviet counterpart to Piaget s western individualistRead MoreJean Piaget And Vygotsky s Theory On Children s Cognitive Development1507 Words   |  7 Pagespsychologists, Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky, have shared their knowledge on children’s cognitive development. Both psychologists had their own vision of what stimulates and helps a child grow. Jean Piaget s theory was shaped through the thinking and understanding of how knowledge is built through a series of four stages; preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational and concrete operational. He believed that the develo pment was with the child themselves. On the contrary, Lev Vygotsky s theory is shapedRead MorePiaget vs. Vygotsky1120 Words   |  5 PagesThe theory of cognitive development is defined as the development of the ability to think and reason. There are many theorists who have studied cognitive theories and the most famous is Jean Piaget. Cognitive development covers the physical and emotional stages of a child. The basic premise for cognitive development is to show the different stages of the development of a child so you can understand where the child might be in their development. Understanding cognitive development will betterRead MoreVygotsky And Vygotsky Theories Of Learning1257 Words   |  6 PagesTheories of learning In this essay, I will compare and contrast jean Piaget and lev Vygotsky theories of learning. First, I will discuss Piaget followed by Vygotsky then I will compare and contrast both theorists. Jean Piaget was a Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher, he is known for his contribution to a theory of cognitive development. Piaget became interested in the reasons why children gave the wrong answers to questions that required logical thinking. He believed that these incorrectRead MoreVygotsky And Vygotsky : Early Childhood Development1683 Words   |  7 PagesRezzonico Piaget vs Vygotsky Early Childhood Development Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget are known in the educational world. Vygotsky and Piaget were developmental psychologists who had many of the same views and beliefs, but at the same time had opposing views. According to Jean Piaget â€Å"cognitive development was a repetitive reorganization of mental processes that derived from biological maturation in addition to environmental experiences’’ (McLeod, S. A. (2015). The child is able toRead MoreDiscuss Piagets theory of cognitive development1235 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Discuss Piaget’s theory of Cognitive Development Cognitive Development can be defined as the development of thought processes. This includes thinking, concept understanding, problem solving, and decision making and remembering from childhood on to adulthood. There are two theories of Cognitive development that offer us two different ways of understanding it. The first is called Domain general. This theory states that one line of development determines all of the changes in a child’s

Asian India s Caste System - 2369 Words

Asian India s Caste System Robin Bettasso SOC 308 Melissa Willis July 4, 2016 Asian India s Caste System For thousands of years the caste members was well known how they lived, class, region, gender, tribe, and language. They ate, married, and worked with their own group and if that person was born they rarely changed caste or even mixed with other castes. Social rules defined how to behave within a caste and when in the presence people from other castes. In a caste system was well known in India and was supported by Hindu beliefs â€Å"the acceptance of one’s fate in life, several major caste dictated one’s life chance from the moment of birth, especially in rural areas† (Kerbo, 2009). The been many controversy in India’s society with stratification and inequality specially in the lower caste that lived in poverty in their lives and the lowest caste was the Dalits known has the untouchables and lived in polluting and unclean occupations and was considered outcastes. In the caste system it caused problems when each other overlapped each other when it came to unequal access to wealth, income, prestige, and power. This paper will examine the history of this group in the United States and misconception about this ethic group. The history of the caste is closely connected with Hindu philosophy, custom, religion, and with tradition and many types of historical theory. There is no unified understanding of how caste system became the rigid social hierarchy based on birth that isShow MoreRelatedIndia Is A South Asian Country Where People Hold Various Castes And Religions1640 Words   |  7 PagesIndia is a South Asian country where people hold various castes and religions. After India gained independence, the Constitution of India listed backward castes of the people as Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). The Constitution laid down 15% and 7.5% of vacancies to government aided educational institutes and for jobs in the government/public sector, as reserved quota for the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes candidates respectively for a period of five years, after which the situationRead MorePre Colonial India Is Characterized By Independent Self Sufficient Villages With Various Customs And Laws E ssay1682 Words   |  7 Pages Ashley Gosnell Colonialism Paper December 22, 2016 Pre-colonial India is characterized by independent self sufficient villages with various customs and laws. This separation in cultural, religious and political structures blurred the lines of inclusive political and religious laws. The differences can be observed in the groupings created by the caste system paired with social hierarchy. With the advent of colonialism these institutions were challenged. The introduction of English ideals andRead MoreGlobalization And International Business : Globalization954 Words   |  4 PagesMonica Mall 3/11/15 India Intro Globalization/ International Business In the text International Business, globalization is defined as the â€Å"acceleration and extension of the interdependence of economic and business activities across national boundaries (p 3)†. Many multinational corporations manufacture products in different nations and selling internationally to different nations. With the constant flow of goods and service help the integration of economies and societies. SinceRead MoreAsian Dietary Cultures That Have Developed Through The Centuries789 Words   |  4 PagesCulinary historian and anthropologist tend to identified three main categories of Asian dietary cultures that have developed through the centuries. The three traditional styles are from the southwest, southeast, and northeast with their own unique sauce. Asian food is generally a blend of several tastes and flavors together that is sweet, sour, salty,spicy, and bitter.There are various tools in the asian cultures but perhaps the most important tool is the wok because th e rounded bottom that providesRead MoreGender Roles Of The Indian Society1344 Words   |  6 Pagesterm gender role refers to society s concept of how men and women are projected to behave. These roles are typically founded on customs or standards, fashioned and often enforced by society. In many cultures such as in the United States, male roles are usually related with power, and governance, while female roles are usually associated with passivity, fostering, and subordination. In India out of all the factors that dictate whether you will be successful-caste, class, economic status-the most importantRead MoreSnakes and Ladders1143 Words   |  5 PagesSnakes and Ladders by Gita Mehta is a book that celebrates India and its history. The author provides many short stories that try to show how India is trying to develop as a nation. She tells about the complex religious system, as well as cultural diversity, and the corruption of India s government. She shows the reader many aspects of the experience of living in India, which Mehta clearly shows that she loves, but she attempts to remain neutral about the issues that she discusses. When theRead MoreThe Caste System: Effects on Poverty in India4175 Words   |  17 Pages2010), pp. 97-106 The Caste System: Effects on Poverty in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka Jasmine Rao Abstract Though mostly outlawed, the caste system continues to be one of the key drivers of poverty and inequality in South Asia. This article reviews the linkage between poverty and the caste system in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. It also discusses the situation of the so-called Dalits (untouchables), which are typically considered to fall outside of the caste system. In addition to secondaryRead MoreAsian Tigers Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesthe global economy has moved on from the Asian Tigers and the present and future of the global economy does in fact lie elsewhere, in particular India and China.   The Asian Tigers are a group of countries which are the first set of NIC s; Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong and South Korea. They underwent rapid development in the 1960 s by encouraging TNC s to invest by opening up manufacturing plants by offering cheap labour and less strict pollution laws. TNC s also had the advantage of low cost andRead MoreCan India exceed China in economy after 20 years?2919 Words   |  12 PagesInternational Relations and Organizations JOUR 121 Student Name: Huang Cheng Kun, Katherine Student Number: 107002 Date: 2013-5-28 Can India exceed China in economy after 20 years?    1    Contents Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------- P3-P4 1. Chinese and Indian Existing Economies ---------------------------- P4- P6 2. How Big is the Gap between Chinese and Indian Economy? ---- P6-P8 3. How other domestic factors effect onRead MorePentecostal Movement Its Impact Among the Dalits and Tribal in India4731 Words   |  19 PagesIntroduction The prime focus of this paper is to explore the modern Pentecostal or charismatic movement and its impacts among the Dalits and the tribal in India. In this paper the presenter will also try to bring out a brief origins and historical development of Pentecostalism, in order to understand the movement and its impact on the Dalits and the tribal in India. 1. Etymology of the term Pentecostal The term Pentecostal is derived from the Greek word pentekostà © which literally means ‘fifty’. It is the Greek

How is the Theme of Love Variously Treated in the Love Poems you have Studied Essay Example For Students

How is the Theme of Love Variously Treated in the Love Poems you have Studied Essay This essay shall describe and how the theme of love was variously treated throughout the poems that have been studied. Love can take many forms; romantic love is version that is often stereotyped, though it does more or less have a self-explanatory name, it can contain a deep and meaningful emotions and expressions. Love at first is another form of love. This is heavily featured in the poem First Love. This form of emotion is a varying type of feeling. It can often include two people seeing each other and falling in love, or in the case of the person in First love it can contain a person overcome with emotion and affection but with no love being returned. The types of love that have just been described can be labelled as positive love. Another form of love is negative love. This is the opposite of positive love and often has a stronger content and sometimes worse consequences. Negative love is the description of love that is cold and dark, and contains self-centred feelings, where as positive love can describe an emotion of true love, shared and kind feelings that are patient and caring. Most conventional love poetry is often stereotyped. Some readers may assume that the poem will have a content that can come across as plain and wet, the reader may be deceived to think that there will be a uninteresting theme that has only a certain amount of sentimental value. This, fortunately, is not always the case. Love poetry is often deep and meaningful scripture, where feelings seep out of the words and the sentences have the capability to form detailed visual images inside the readers imagination. The poetry can create, alter or recall memories of the readers past love experiences. That is another reason why love poetry is so popular; as the reader is able to reflect on the poem with first hand experiences. Petrach is a poet whose poetry not only was recognised by the whole of the European world but also created its own category and form of love poetry. The poems showed how his immense feelings towards the women he loved. His writing expressed the way he would worship the women and his love was like an illness, creating havoc in his emotions. The torment that he went through due to the unrequited love he would expose. Petrach would often compare his feelings and emotions to natural Things in similes and metaphors. This would give the reader a visual comparison to how Petrach was thinking. The three poems that were studied were: First Love by John Clare, Porphyrias Lover by Robert Browning and My Last Duchess. John Clares poem on First Love is a strong poem underneath its conventional shell. First Love is a poem of true love at first sight; it is how a man can be completely paralysed by the power and strength of love. The gives detailed description and impressive metaphors and it lets the reader feel the highs and lows of being in love. The reader may be deceived the way the poem is written. It has a lot of imagery to do with nature; Her face it bloomed like a flower. Similes like this are often found in conventional poems and are textbook forms of descriptive writing. The poem uses shallow metaphors that have little strength, such as: My love is a red rose. Despite these small talk style metaphors that contain little substance, the poem has words of deep meaning and feeling. John Clare writes strong sentences, which give detailed descriptions of how John Clare is feeling. In the first stanza John Clare introduces the poem by showing his passionate, positive feelings for the woman. He describes the physical and natural effects on him and says how they start to take over. The effects on him are what the reader would expect from this kind of poem- he is dumbstruck and routed to the spot. When John Clare Writes: My face it turned a deadly pale, it is the first negative word or action in the poem. It is a fairly dramatic point in the poem, as it is the peak of his explanation of the natural events that are taking place around him and it is one of the few lines in the poem where negative, bad or even evil are entered in. Where Do You Get Love EssayHe states nor could tonights gay feasts restrain, a sudden thought of one so pale. He is saying how he is sick with love and she will not return the same emotions. This is a very Petrach style of poetry suddenly he sees her eyes happy and proud, and discovers that she adores him too. But he now starts to think that she worships him, which is uncertain, but he seems sure. His premeditated argument with himself is a sign that he is conscious of what he is a bout to do and it wont be a momentary experience, that moment she was mine, mine fair. This statement shows his obsession in the repetitive moment. The most dramatic part of the poem is at its climax; when he strangles her it is shocking and completely unexpected. He opens her eyelids so that he would not lose the moment. Guessing, expecting and hoping that she felt no pain, once more he shows his love with a passionate, burning kiss. The alliteration emphasises the passion. Porphyrias lover is patronising and arrogant in his dead lover. He assumes that she has emotions even if she is dead he has guessed that he has not sinned, this is expressed in the most devastating lines of the poem and all night long we have not stirred, and yet god has not said a word. He is implying that god hasnt punished him so he assumes that he has not sinned. All in all there is a cold and depressing mood contained in this poem, and the morals are disturbing. But it shows how the negative aspects of love can poison any situation. My last duchess was the last poem to be studied and it was also by Robert Browning. It is the story of meaningless love and greedy marriages that have been brewed together to for the dukes lifestyle. The poem is based around a conversation between a duke and one of his visitor servants. It is similar to Porphyrias lover in a few less obvious ways: the male is possessive and arrogant; they think that they are on different levels to the female; the duke higher, Porphyrias lover lower. It is dissimilar in strong ways that show up: Porphyrias lover is sick in love and has an illness of passion towards this woman whilst the duke barely cares for his lover. But overall the strongest tie is that both of the lovers are murderers. Thats my last duchess painted on the wall. The first line of the poem expresses how browning wants the reader to see how possessive the duke is by using my to appoint his ex-wife. He assumes that the artist painted it for him, not because he asked for it, and says that the servant is less learned than him. The duke assumes that his wife is having an affair when he says her husband presence, only a spot of joy! He is always jealous because she is too soon made glad. Meaning that she was pleased with everyone so it was hard for the duke to be number one. He lists her odd behaviour because he expects special treatment, though she still treats everyone equal. He is jealous because his gift of 900 year old name is praised only as much as someone elses gift. The duchess was treated like a child always being taught. He says that her lack of praise for him didnt matter, but he still goes on about it. The duchess had no independence. My last duchess shows how one mans greed and pride can overcome the most hideous of sins and create devastating affects. As a conclusion all three poems treated the theme of love differently. From the dark murderer of Porphyrias lover, to the overcome lover in First Love. The many forms of love can be variously treated. My personal favourite was My Last Duchess the true snobbery of an English duke is enough to kill the sweetest female. An excellent poem with meaning and moral.

Scientology Another Science of Conning Essay Example

Scientology: Another Science of Conning Essay Since its inception, scientology is marked by controversy and allegations, though apparently it looks innocuous with its idea that it intends to promote or market. It has earned different identities in different countries; in US it is a legal organization who is free to practice its religion and enables tax exemption for the buyers of its commodities, while in Germany or Russia they are registered only as institutions. This obviously speaks about their inability to established them as an organization whose activities are accepted in the same light across the globe.There are many questions still unanswered, as to why its founder, after being named as one of the co-conspirator, had to go into hiding till he died in 1986. Mysterious deaths of the scientologists with defamations issued against them by the church of scientology, document stealing operations like Snow White etc. has definitely gone against the image of this organization, as these events have become known globally.It claims to be a stand-alone solution against billion-dollar psychiatry trade of medicine and treatment. They claim that only a proper dose of scientology would be sufficient to handle the problem, and it is because of such a simple solution threatening the conventional psychology and psychiatry fields, there is opposition against it in many form; in fact a concerted opposition from those who could lose their profession based on vague ideas. This over simplification of the affairs might have helped to spread over 25 countries with churches and around 40 countries with centers since the second half of the 20th Century; but this is 21st and people are raising pertinent questions relating to their intention.The Church of Scientology is accused of exploiting on misfortune and hypocrisy, let alone remaining indifferent with the deaths of scientologists who are thought to do so in failing to comply with the dictums of it, be it inability to pay the high fees or be it disagreement with the proceed ings. There are many instances published with proof, which can easily be accessible even through web. This made them to buy a battle with medias newest format: The World Wide Web. Paradoxically, their campaigns center around the word trust, which, going by the allegations of many people, they never tried to earn. In turn, to a many distant observer, they are seen as a money-spinning, power-mongering empire that intends to expand itself under the veil of scientific religion or humanitarian institution. This essay casts an independent look on this organization and the controversy shrouded around it, before arriving at a conclusion.What is Scientology?Going by its bottom line, scientology claims to purify a person by clearing the negative influences they assume as residents in a human mind and soul. It has stemmed from Dianetics (first appeared as a 40-page article in Campbells science fiction magazine Astounding, in May, 1950), a set of self-help theories, which brought both name and fame to its writer L. Ron Hubbard, earlier known as a science fiction writer. Hubbard addressed it as a technology, which addresses and handles the effects of the spirit on the body and can alleviate such things as unwanted sensations and emotions, accidents, injuries and psychosomatic illnesses (ones that are caused or aggravated by mental stress). Dianetics is a compound word, meaning through the soul (taken from Greek dia, through, and nous, soul). It is further defined as what the soul is doing to the body (Hubbard, 1997, pp. 130).In 1952, Hubbard introduced Scientology as a complete package of a philosophy which studies and handles the spirit in relationship to itself, universes and other life. Greek word scio (knowing in the fullest sense of the word) conjoins logos (study) to form the word scientology – aiming to mean, knowing how to know. According to Hubbard, Scientology is a route, a way, rather than a dissertation or an assertive body of knowledge. Through its dril ls and studies one may find the truth for himself. The technology is therefore not expounded as something to believe, but something to do. (Hubbard, 1997, pp 133-134).Dianetics starts from dividing human mind into two segments, naming them as analytical and reactive minds, then it goes on to   identify a persons mind as a reservoir of clutters that according to them, is accumulated by series of past events, even the events happened when the person is in womb, and they call them engrams (the etching events in ones memory, according to scientology parlance). Now dianetics aims to clear those engrams by transferring them to the analytical mind with proper indexation for future utilization. While Dianetics focuses on mind, scientology focuses on soul, naming it as thetan, which is embodied into our physical being, called body thetan. Scientology aims to clear thetan from the clutch of body thetan! The process starts with Auditing therapy, which comprises of sessions between the aspiri ng scientologist (termed as preclear) and an Auditor, who asks questions to the preclear to bring out the engrams from the reactive mind and pack them off to conscious mind.And what is there in that clear package?A Clear person will:Never have colds or accidents;Have a soaring IQ;Be able to totally recall of his/her entire life, from conception onwards;Be able to repair cancer and other physical deficiencies;Be able to compute in seconds what otherwise would take 30 minutes.Be able to leave the body at willBe able to communicate with other forms of life, and more, and more..!The Good Bad and the UglyThe theme behind Scientology   doesnt answer many pertinent questions about the evolution of thetans (souls), and itself based on the idea that resembles a science fiction story. However, in its doctrines, it encompasses a good many ideas covered by other religions, like Hinduisms rebirth concept, or purification concepts, which is also present in some other religions.There is another pertinent point lies in the fact that it goes on to claim that its ideas and practices are based on proven scientific principles, but it doesnt give explanations in any tangible manner, like explaining the chemical changes in a body or so. Similarly it failed to provide the instances of a clear person, though it produced various persons from time to time, who failed to justify their title.At best, scientology has made people curious about the ways of helping themselves without using chemical supplements and also brought the practices of the psychologists and psychiatrists   under scanner. It is a known fact that unfair practice in these professions is not uncommon, such as falsely claiming the advancement in treatment when it is not or prescribing series of treatment sessions when there is no need for that.The idea that adorns the facade of scientology is no doubt sounds good and positive to the ears of the unsuspecting people, but the complaints regarding their practice pushes th at idea behind, if the media reactions and personal experiences of people are anything to go by.Formation and establishing of a cult nevertheless goes against the principles of   maintaining a conglomerate society, and the modern media is blaming scientology on that ground too – the Church of Scientology   is now accused of forming a cult of infiltration, which is posing a threat to democracy.Overt propaganda with morphed pictures and tall claims about their success have also added fuel to the minds of their critics, and in no time they have come out with the proof of such forged photographs.These incidents obviously raise valuable questions to an independent mind – why an organization claiming itself as haven of purification would have to resort to lies for the sake of raising its image? Isnt it an antithesis of practice and preaching? This question even gets stronger with other evidences lying in its founders words, where he talks about attacking whoever pose as attacker to the philosophy of scientology, while prescribing meanest ways to counter its critics.Todays world is fast becoming a virtual community, where people have easy access to the information and knowledge. Under this state, the accountability factor looms large over any claim that is related to the benevolence of the society. Scientology also cannot escape this and here they are receiving more jolts, which cannot be managed even with the induction of the Hollywood stars like Tom Cruise, Ketty Holmes or John Travolta to its rank and file; people today are more conscious about what they can gain out of any idea, and not what is being whetted by celebrities as something good. This is corroborated by the million-dollar challenge thrown by a website, who asks any clear scientologist to prove his super power.The much-guarded secrets, however, could not be protected, as now it is in the public knowledge that scientology, after taking its students through various layers of operation, ultimately presents a peculiar and absurd science fiction to substantiate their effort for clearing the souls from the body.ControversiesThe latest controversy with scientologist has evolved out of their charity campaign against drug, named Narconon, where they are accused of promoting scientology under the cover of charity to more than 500 schools across Britain. According to the report appeared on The Sunday Times, dated January 7, 2007,   Narconon is treating the drug victims according to the methods prescribed in Hubbards works, which are not substantiated by scientific proof. As an after effect, Californias State Department of Education has advised the schools not to use the charity. Incidentally Narconons headquarter is in California.This incident is just a drop in the ocean of allegations against the Church of Scientology. They range from L. Ron Hubbards credentials to his motive behind forming the Church. It also points to the statement allegedly made by Hubbard himself th at the best way to make money is to start a religionAllegations also have a long trail of incidents, ranging from suicide or mysterious deaths to cheating and forgery, which led the Church to the court and its executives to jail time and again.The history of civilization contains numerous evidences where an individual or a group emerged with the desire to rule the greater part of land and enjoy the most of the resources. They used various formats for that – provincialism, racism or religion. As for scientology, a considerable portion of the media is citing it as its newest avatar in a newer format.In other words, the rise of scientology could perhaps be seen as the extension of the imagination of a science fiction writer, who dreamt of building an empire under the cover of scientology, and in the process, applied the layers of mystery to its origin and coined new words to stamp its identity, which hooked many people worldwide, before the bubble burst!There are various steps o f purification, and there is money involved to get promoted in each of them; then comes a stage which is closer to the top, when the aspiring scientologist gets access to the story which forms the basis of the scientology, of which s/he could not ask anything concerning logic or explanation.The story   goes like this – 75 million years ago from now there was a ruler named Xenu, who ruled altogether 76 planets including earth. The over population in the planets (178 billion people in an average) bothers Xenu and so he hatches a plan, in which he would paralyze and pack billions of people under the pretext of income tax inspections and send them to earth through planes resembling modern DC8..He does that and more, by stacking the paralyzed lot of people over the volcanoes on earth and then detonating the volcanoes with H-bombs, killing all of them, and then destroying some of their thetans (souls) with nuclear wind and capturing the rest with electronic beams. And he does eve n more. He packs those captured souls into boxes and sends them to huge movie halls to implant his ideas in them through a 3D movie a process called implanting.Consequently, the movie-struck souls considers one another as same and starts living in clusters within the few available bodies of earth. Now they are the body thetans and scientology aims to remove them to make our souls free from them. In the end of the story, bad ruler Xenu is punished in a unique wayHowever impossible or shocking it may seem to be, this is the story that is fed to the persons who reach to the secret level of scientology, known as OT III. Now there could be valid points in believing Hubbards genius for making people pay heavily to read such a story, but there is no denying the fact that there is a section of the society that is growing each day to campaign against scientology – the proof of which lies in the growing number of websites ridiculing or opposing it, labeling the process of scientology as a unique con-game – where spending a huge sum one gets to read a cock-and-bull story with a random timeline, where Christ exists even 75 million years ago, the souls (thetans) are taken to a movie or the conspirator-cum-ruler Xenu is put into a mountain-cum-jail that is powered by a forever powerful battery etc., etc. And how much one has to dish out to read this story? No less than $365,000 ! Yes,   that is the estimated amount which is collected step by step from the gullible, wannabe purified people!To make the proceedings look coveted, Hubbard had embarked heavily on a set of new parlance, like havingness or thinkingness – so that such jargons establish the myth in the minds of the innocents. It works the same way as it works in multilevel marketing which has in its parlance the words like diamond leg etc.; it makes people curious and drives their emotion to know what is there behind the veil. Scientology has so far cashed on in this human trait with a careful ly laid-out trap.It is also common in a person who paid a hefty sum for something absurd and yet emphatically   told that   he actually paid for something precious, s/he would at least try to believe that what s/he has done is right, and this has to have some value. The artistry of conning lies in the ability to convince people that they are getting real return against the value of their money; and this is done with such a clever manner that even if one realizes that one is conned, s/he would not tell it others to save the face.From this perspective, scientology is serving the society in a unique way – it is helping some people to the open their eyes as how systematic conning can work on the minds of the credulous and innocents lining up for salvation. Subsequently, scientologys approach is fairly simple; it doesnt have a manifesto of nationalism or racism to hold aloft; it only focuses on the money of the gullible, who, it is known would either run away dejected and stan d against it, or be a face saver with a sheepish smile. Thus this church in reality doesnt have any agenda other than raising money for it.CONCLUSIONThere is no scientific evidence backed Hubbards theories, nor they intend to go that line like every other scientific work would go: Assumption, Research, Finding and Inference.Altogether, this alluring invitation of a utopian journey and stay in a make-believe world is bound to throw a person into the hard ground of reality sooner or later. This is also evident from numerous ex-scientologists statements, who have managed to shrug off their prejudice and described the process of scientology as something like praising a naked emperor for his beautiful robe –   a matching metaphor indeed for those who are siphoned off   thousands of dollars to read a science fiction as the basis of their salvation program and now want to save their faces by praising scientology as the agent of ultimate freedom.