European History Essay

How did capital of northeast Dakotas schema of coalescences help main(prenominal)tain peace? Bismarcks remains of coalitions was the goal of safe hold oning France isolated and not to brook some(prenominal) military allies. Also, he cute to keep Russia and Austria-Hungary from tone ending to fight. France was still bitter all everywhere the losing Alsace-Lorraine from the Franco-Prussian War. some(prenominal) Russia and Austria-Hungary desired territory from the change Ottoman Empire, which was the Balkans. The Three Emperors confederation was an alliance with Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Russia. This was against radical movework forcets. With the coition of Berlin, Austria got Bosnia and Herzegovina.The Balkan states end up fair independent. The Triple Alliance was Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy was a defensive alliance protection against Russia. The Reinsurance agreement was between Germany and Russia. If one of them were to be attacked, they promised neu trality. Germany was pertain about contend between Austria and Russia. sum conglomeration France and Russia being allies. William II end this pact and dismissed Bismarck. 2) What were the reasons for Britain and Germanys love-hate relationship? surrounded by the 1700 and 1800s, Germany and Britain had a common enemy, which was France.Their racials ties of Anglo-Saxon and Germanic people as well. The rivalry was of assembly line supply. Germany was on the rise to power. Economic bracing was the colonie and the world market. For the military component, Germany expanded their navy with battleships. prominent Britain is k presentlyn for its nautical command and it was be by Germany. It ended up being a naval expedite between the two nations. For the political factors, gravid Britain wanted alliances with France, Russia, and the United States. At the Algeciras Conference, Germany try to break the friendship between expectant Britain and France.They fai direct and brought t hem finisher. 3) Why was the Moroccan crisis of 1905 a number point in European kickshaw? France and Great Britain agreed everywhere North Africa. Britain got full run into over Egypt and France got full control over Morocco. The Anglo-French Entente was closer relations between France and Eng buck. Germany as incessantly wanted to try and break the treaty between France and Eng refine. Germany didnt act diplomatically though. They were now viewed as an internationalist bully. Great Britain, France, Russia, and the United States saw Germany as a common threat. These four nations became closer.Austria became Germanys main ally as well. 4) What impact did the Congress of Berlin (1878) have on the Balkan area? What were the origins and causes of the one-third Balkan War? With the Congress of Berlin, Austria-Hungary had power over Bosnia and Herzegovina. Romania and Serbia won independence. Bulgaria won a slightly say in their governing body. Austria-Hungary and Russia wanted to control the Balkans. With nationalism, Serbia wanted to expand by gaining Bosnia and Herzegovina. Austria-Hungary ended up annexing both of their wanted territories. Serbians were furious.The first off and Second Balkan Wars consisted of fight within Serbia, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire about territorial gains. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was on a visit to Sarajevo and ended up getting assassinated by Serbians. It was the coloured Hand which was a Serbian terrorist group. Austria-Hungary declare contend on Serbia which was the start of the ternion Balkan War. Austria-Hungary wanted to stop nationalism that threatened their empire. 5) Which of the major powers do you believe were roughly responsible and least responsible for the war? Explain. Austria-Hungary had imperialism in the Balkans and declared war on Serbia.They were also Germanys main ally. Russia had total support of Serbia. They allied with Serbia and France. All triplet of them mobilized agai nst Germany and Austria-Hungary. Germany wrote a blank check to Austria-Hungary. William IIs poor control of international diplomacy lead to the Moroccan crisis and naval build up. In addition, Germany invaded France through Belgium. France became unceasingly mad at Germany and seeked for punish. They ended up allying with Russia. This meant the support from Russia meant also from Serbia. Great Britain had a naval build up and entered an alliance with France.This disrupted the balance of power and do it point toward France now. 6) What impact did the war have on the economic system and the people at blank space? How cooperative was the cosmos? The economy changed from a free market system to a state run economy. The government organized price and wage controls, quotas, product and what to be produced. The food and resources vital for war had to be rationed. Due to nationalism, the population was adjunct of the total war efforts of their governments, in the start of the war. 7) Did the war have any rear on the power of organized push? On women in fellowship?The jab unions cooperated with governments on production and wages. The government gave patronise by allowing labor leadership in policy making councils. The unions were accepted in the European countries as legitimate organizations. Women were now in demand for labor because men were off at war. Women became a to a greater extent visible part in society and this gave a boost for the modern womens rights movement. 8) What evidence is there that the strain of the war was beginning to take its toll on the home front in Russia, Austria, France, and Germany by 1916? Russia had a lot of war casualties. The population was vital of the czars leadership.Nicholas II went to the front to lead the troops. While he was away, Alexandra and Rasputin were in charge. Austrias chief diplomatic minister was assassinated. Frances Joseph died as well. The Czechs and Yugoslavs called for autonomous democracies. F rance and their troops refused to fight. in that respect were labor strikes during the war. Clemenceau ruled practically as a dictator. Germany had Karl Liebknecht, who was a radical fond leader, spoke out against war. This had the radicals to protest. There was an expanding anti-war edict in the Reichstag and massive break strikes in Berlin. 9) What were the reasons for the Russian Revolution in marching 1917?Who were the Soviets? The war demoralized troops which led to mass desertions. Many peasant soldiers returned home and angry with weapons. Also the war produced massive food shortages and there were bread riots in St. Petersburg. These riots spread like wildfire. Nicholas II ended up stepping down and leaving Russia. The Soviet and the provisional government ended up trying to rule Russia. The social shapees were going for political liberty. The upper middle class were expecting better results from the war. Workers demanded better wages and good. Peasants asked for land reform. The Soviets was a political organization in St.They were against the czars government and operated respectively from the Kerenskys provisional government. For example, Army arrange 1. 10) What were the reasons for the Bolshevik victory in the elegant war? The democracy ended up turning into an anarchy. Not one soulfulness group or person had fetch dominance to take power. Lenin and Trotsky were talented leaders who competed for power. Trotsky created an organized and centralized army that was equal to outperform the whites. While Lenin was able to prayer to the urban workers and soldiers who were for socialism, successfully.The Bolsheviks ruled the center of Russia epoch the white were scattered out over thousands of miles. There was a secret legal philosophy and the use of terror. The White Armies were decentralized and didnt organize movements. They didnt have a clear political objective that rallied the enemies of the Bolsheviks into an fall in front. Foreign mil itary aid was too late and little and rallied nationalistic Russian against the whites. 11) What happened to the Austro-Hungarian and Turkish empires after 1918? Austria-Hungary became Austria. They lost land to Italy which was Tyrol.They became independent states which were Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Hungary. Austria ended up becoming a small, militarily insignificant European nation. The Ottoman Empire ended up becoming Turkey. France got Lebanon and Syria. While Britain received Iraq and Palestine. The empire was diminished and Turkeys borders were the Anatolian peninsula and the Bosporus. Both of these nations were once dominant in power and now were put down to indirect status, which is ironic. 12) What were the goals of Wilson, Lloyd George, and Clemenceau at the Versailles Peace Conference? president Wilson of the United States created the Fourteen Points.He wanted national self determinations, rights of small countries, and League of Nations. David Lloyd George was f ocused on restoring Germany to a average economic strength. He perceived that Germany could be a balance to the communist Russia. Georges Clemenceau seeked revenge against Germany for the two invasions in the last twoscore years. He wanted to create a buffer state between France and Germany. He wanted protection against future attacks and permanent demilitarization of Germany. Germany had to pay large war reparations and it slashed them, yet gave France a chance to rebuild.