Segmentation of Music Industry

Music industry Segmentaion When attempting to segment a particular consumer base or population by genius or motivation, one must consider what spirit traits the consumers posses. Of course in that location argon serveral ways to radical together personalities ex (fashionable, innovative, extroverted, etc). I have elect to use K aren Horneys theory of three personality groups for segmentation of the unison consumer market. Karen Horney states that people shtup be grouped into three personalities compliance, aggression and withdrawl.Since unison consumers plunder be an almost entire population, it would be a cheeseparing idea to segment this population into three broad groups. The first personality group, compliance, is can be defined as people who fire toward others. This group has a need for affection and approval and a need to be liked by others. The complaint personality consumer would tend to veer toward normal current music or pop music within a certain genre. This is the consumer who would be listening to Justin Timberlake and Lady GaGa when they are at their peak.They would be drawn toward the summer hits, toward the songs that are played at clubs and they trip the light fantastic toe to with their friends. In terms of music consumers, they might be seen as surrounded by the ages of 10-40, and this is a very big market withing the music consumer industry. The second personality group, aggression, are considered those who go ahaist toher. This group has a need for power and for agree over others. They have the need to be heard by others and tutelage of seeming stupid. This personality group would be the ones who view themselves as against the popular music, against very popular groups and singers.Maybe they would chose music with a bit more of an edge, harder rock, solicit and hip hop music. Finally, the third personality group is knows as thoughtless, and they move away from others. Consumers in this group have a need for liberty and in dependence and do not need to rely on anyone. These are the consumers of many independent bands and singers, who see themselves as going against the grain and against beau monde. erstwhile the consumer base has been segmented into personality groups, it is easier to target each of these groups. Many artists and bands can be advertised in such a way that they can appeal to each of these groups.On the retail level, where consumers are in direct suffer with the music industry, there are so many opportunities for consumption, ranging from digital/ somatogenic music and concert tickets to festival passes, ringtones, merchandise, clothing lines, band donations and nonprofit initiatives. For instance, when targeting the docile personality consumer, would be easier to advertise towards since they are very conscious and answering to others tastes. So, when promoting a new-made album of Adele toward this group, we would be very insistent with her new songs in all settings.Her songs would be played on all major(ip) radio stations, promoted in clubs and bars, and also promoted within social networking which has now perish an extrememly important word-of-mouth marketing technique. Now, while get aheading out to the detached personality consumer, we would use a different marketing approach. Since these consumers are the ones who are geared more toward indepndent music and anything that is specifically not main stream, there needs to be a careful marketing approach do so that they are unaware they are being advertised too. iodine idea could be promoting smaller, more intimate shows at local mark stores.Also, encouraging these fans to support their local record stores instead of retail handcuffs like Wal-Mart and Best Buy. Since music sales have shifted toward digital downloading mediums, they could reach this consuemer base throught there as well. Another possible tactic could be to create album covers that visual appeal to this consumer base, maybe a loan aritis t or a band in darker shades or seperated from society somehow, to appeal directiy to this personality base. Finally, the third peronality consumer group is that of aggression. A more considerate approach must be taken when advertising to this market segment.

Music can help Essay

While symphony has long been recognize as an effective form of therapy to provide an outlet for emotions, the notion of victimization song, sound frequencies and rhythm to treat physical ailments is a relatively bare-assed domain, says psychologist Daniel J. Levitin, PhD, who studies the neuroscience of symphony at McGill University in Montreal. A wealth of new studies is touting the benefits of music on mental and physical health. For example, in a meta-analysis of 400 studies, Levitin and his high research fellow, Mona Lisa Chanda, PhD, found that music improves the luggage compartments immune system function and reduces speech pattern. Listening to music was in addition found to be more(prenominal) effective than prescription drugs in reducing anxiety before cognitive operation (Trends in Cognitive Sciences, April, 2013). Weve found compelling evidence that musical interventions peck play a health-care role in settings ranging from operating rooms to family clinics, sa ys Levitin, power of the book This is Your Brain on euphony (Plume/Penguin, 2007). The analysis also points to unspoilt how music influences health.The researchers found that listening to and playing music increase the bodys production of the antibody immunoglobulin A and natural killer cells the cells that onrush invading viruses and boost the immune systems effectiveness. Music also reduces levels of the stress hormone cortisol. This is one reason why music is associated with relaxation, Levitin says. mavin recent study on the link between music and stress found that music can help soothe pediatric want room patients (JAMA Pediatrics, July, 2013). In the trial with 42 children ages 3 to 11, University of Alberta researchers found that patients who listened to restful music while getting an IV inserted reported significantly little pain, and some demonstrated significantly less distress, compared with patients who did not listen to music. In addition, in the music-listening group, more than two-thirds of the health-care providers reported that the IVs were very easy to administer compared with 38 percent of providers treating the group that did not listen to music.There is growing scientific evidence showing that the brain responds to music in very special(prenominal) ways, says Lisa Hartling, PhD, professor of pediatrics at the University of Alberta and lead author of the study. Playing music for kids during painful medical procedures is a simple intervention that can exercise a big difference. adult patients, too. Researchers at Khoo Teck Puat Hospital in capital of Singapore found that patients in palliative care whotook part in brood music therapy sessions reported relief from persistent pain (Progress in moderating Care, July, 2013).Music therapists worked closely with the patients to individually tailor the intervention, and patients took part in singing, putz playing, lyric discussion and even song writing as they worked toward evaluate an illness or weighed end-of-life issues. Active music engagement allowed the patients to reconnect with the healthy move of themselves, even in the face of a debilitating condition or disease-related suffering, says music therapist Melanie Kwan, co-author of the study and president of the Association for Music Therapy, Singapore. When their acute pain symptoms were relieved, patients were finally able to rest.

Main Causes of American Intervention in World War I

The fight was among the three-base hit En tennerte-? Great Britain, Russia, and France-?and the Central Powers, which was comprised of Ger some(prenominal), Italy, and Austria-Hungary. The vast volume of Americans sozz takely designated themselves a neutral realm. They believed themselves object lessonly superior to state of contendfare and spoted it to be an unnecessary, primitive solution. Even President Woodrow Wilson quickly announced Americas neutrality, by and by belatedly winning the chairmanial election in 1916 for his second consecutive term, cathexis the campaign slogan He kept us out of war. However, contempt Minimal disapproval of World War l. Many controversial levelts and sealed predictions caused the united States to teeter between the line of isolation and treatment. It was President Willows strong guidance and insightful evaluations of foreign actions and domestic reactions that led to Americas interest group in the Great War on April 6, 1917. Rig ht from the start, both Germany and Britain quickly began spread propaganda, attempting to promote their own country motives and Justify their grounds for being in the war.Propaganda Is defined as information, Ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to answer or harm a person, group, movement, Institution, or nation. Both nations were affecting humans touch, but in the summer of 1915, German doctor Heimlich Albert mistakenly jell a halt to Germanys influence. Albert was a preventative of the German Information Service, an effect that was responsible for dispersing rumors in the United States. As he quickly speed to board his train, he unknowingly left his briefcase, containing German propaganda.After It was recovered by an American secret service agent, the inscriptions and their purpose were quickly cognise passim the nation, giving citizens a negative perception of Germany. British propaganda was as well in circulation, and although this possibility was known by the American population, it was never proved, making it baffling to decipher reliable information from exaggerated. Generally these ideas proposed hat it was German assault that was responsible for the provocation of the war In Europe, and the Allies-?the ternary Entente-?were simply rubbish In defense of collocation gallant tenet Darrell opposition.Germany was salsa to nave uses ruthless, militaristic war tactics and to have an autocratic society, which contested Americas democratic society. In an bm to coax American entry, Britain asserted that the war was unfolding in their favor, and the expiry seemed promising. However, they were actually in financial straits and struggling to survive, but they did not want America to think the war was a lost cause. Ironically, this authority had an opposite effect on Americas willingness to assist them.The public proclaimed that if the Triple Entente expected victory, then American intervention would be a lodgeless waste of money, resour ces, and lives. Germanys war tactics and disregard toward the rules of engagement of war also negatively impacted Americas Judgment of them. Early in the war Germany invaded Belgium, a country that pronounced its neutrality as America did, and fought on the soil of an unwilling nation. While occupying Belgium for more than four years, the Germans shot thousands of civilians, stud and burned towns, and deported civilians, forcing them to assemble weapons and build defenses.The German chancellor referred too serenity treaty written in agreement between the cardinal nations as a scrap of paper. This disrespect to the wishes of Belgium was later called The Rape of Belgium and portrayed English- sermon countries as defenders of freedom. To add to Germanys misconduct, the tactics that they used during the war appalled the American nation. They deployed dirigible bombardments on cities, which was combat through a blimp-like airship. This aerial bombardment would stream poisonous gas over enemy areas, impartially fetching he lives of both innocent civilians and soldiers.An inhumane and deadly technique much(prenominal) as this had previously been unknown to the creation. Similarly, the engagement of submarine warfare, with their refreshfully highly-developed U-boats, hurt Germanys cause in the battle for American support. Germany utilized their bare-ass technology of U-boats to destroy both enemy warships and merchant watercrafts of nonbelligerent nations, some(prenominal) of which contained American citizens, enraging the United States. U-boats were small, slow-moving, and vulnerable, but they were the first submarines the world had ever seen, so defending them was intemperate, even for the world-renowned British navy.The Germans used this stealthy weapon to pound the blockade that was implemented by the British fleet. The impenetrable fleet efficaciously prevented all trade ships containing weapons or food from reaching countries occupied by the Cent ral Power, as well as neighboring neutral countries. They also cut all undersea communication cables. The German sinking of American ships the Louisiana and Sussex had the most significant response from the United States. It was after this muster out disregard for U. S. Requests that Wilson concluded he could no longer imply overlook Germanys constant, rebellious insubordination.He began to realize that war was imminent. In 1915, U-boats sank the American merchant vessel the Louisiana, killing 128 American citizens. Still wanting to maintain neutrality, President Wilson reacted by merely demanding that Germany abide by protocol of restricted warfare, in increment to arming merchant vessels for defense. Germany agree but then later tell unlimited warfare on all ships, openly admitting that mistakes will be made. In 1917, the U-boats sank another American vessel, the Sussex, killing another 25 Americans.Although Germany argued that it was difficult to identify the ship, Americans were clearly frustrated with their lack of discretion. Despite this Loosely AT Electroscope, American colleens exclusively continual to remain neutral. I nee profound that the a few(prenominal) Americans taken by German U-boats were not worth risking the lives of the nose candy million Americans that were left. Instead, they criticized Wilson for the tragedy. They claimed that he provoked the bang by being a silent member of the Allies through one-sided trade and allowing the intricacy of their blockade without a diplomatic challenge.However, Woodrow Wilson maintained that he was imply information from the mistakes that led to the War of 1812 and was motivated by neutrality by toilsome to avoid unnecessary trouble. In fact, when the United States learned of what later became known as the infamous Zimmerman Telegram, it was determined that the attack was offensive and would have occurred even if Wilson had contested the blockade. In January of 1917, British intelligence inte rcepted and deciphered a wire sent from the German foreign minister, Arthur Zimmerman, to the German minister of Mexico, von Gerhardt.This occurred shortly after Germany change posture the Sussex, and it revealed Germanys true intentions toward the U. S. The telegram offered American territory to Mexico that America won during the Mexican- American War in the late sasss. In return, Germany requested that Mexico attack the United States if they should enter the Great War on the side of the Triple Entente, and to also request the aid of Japan. This clearly demonstrated that the sinking of the Sussex was an attack intended to lure America into the war, and Mexico, as well, to fight alongside Germany.Before this document was found, Wilson still chose neutrality in the face of American casualties, saying, There is such a thing as a man Ewing too olympian to fight. There is such a thing as a nation being so right that it does not need to convince others by force that it is right. The t elegram, along with encounters with Germany before the Great War, caused Wilson to contemplate intervention. During the Spanish-American War, in 1898, many perceived Germany to be a potential threat to Americas interests and security because of the similarities between the two nations.Both were Just beginning to establish themselves as considerable world powers that were rapidly industrialized and seeking overseas markets, naturally creating a rivalry. German interest in the Philippine Islands, West Indies, Galapagos Islands, and Haiti was also unsettling because it posed a threat to the completion of the Panama Canal, which was finished in August of 1914. Germanys impulse to expand to the westbound Hemisphere worried President Wilson, and the main interference of this expansion, until this point, had been from Britains control over the Atlantic.Wilson, along with many others, feared that if the Central Powers overcame the Triple Entente, Germany would pop off the new naval sup remacy, over Great Britain. This conclusion became known as the realist appraisal. The realist appraisal proclaimed that British victory was essential to American security, because they were inevitable by the United States to provide a balance of powers. It was widely agreed that America and Great Britain had paralleled interests. Without this balance of power, Germany would see no resistance if they obdurate to attack America.This claim was consistent in many people, including crowd W. Gerard, the American Ambassador to Germany, who said, We are next on Germanys list, if they won the war. With this risk in mind, the Monroe Doctrine quickly became Jeopardized. The Monroe Doctrine was institutionalized by President James Monroe in 1823 and was composed of three main concepts. The first stated that the Western Hemisphere of ten world would a De Innocence Day America, Ana ten Eastern Hemisphere Day Europe. The second and third concepts opposed colonization and intervention.With the se concepts in mind, it is evident that the doctrine is likely to be violated by Germany upon the victory of the Central Powers, because they would intervene in Americas hemisphere. In order to salvage the proclamation, Americas intervention was deed. The night before the United States announced its entrance into the war, the freshly appointed secretary of state, Robert Lansing, wrote, The Allies must not be beaten. It would suppose the triumph of autocracy over democracy the shattering of all our moral standards and real, although it may seem remote, peril to our independence and institutions.President Wilson desperately struggled to keep calmness with Germany in order to save American lives, but his attempts were hopeless. He was aware(p) that an Allied victory was more favorable to American interests, but he also believed that the war would leave Germany weak and unable to pose an immediate threat to America. In the years that Germany needed to recuperate its army and fill again resources, Wilson planned to strengthen the Ana and prepare for a possible war.However, upon Germanys denial of Willows two slumber proposals and the renewal of submarine warfare, which Germany had consistently added to over the last few years, the presidents plan seemed too far away. Germanys lack of effort to come to peace with America predicted their intention on making America the next aspire sooner than expected. In addition to the influences by Lansing and future president Theodore Roosevelt, President Wilson realized that an intervention was more necessary than previously assumed, and he knew that he would need the support of his country if he was going to survive in involving the nation.Primarily through propaganda, the U. S. Government caused the change in public opinion from isolation to intervention. Most of the nation continuously adhered to an isolationist prospective, but those who held the view of the realist appraisal also happened to be those in Eastern Ame rica who had a strong influence on public opinion. On April 13, the Committee on Public Information (ICP) was assembled by President Wilson to conduct American propaganda in the United States and overseas.George Creel, the selected manager of the committee, called it the worlds greatest adventure in advertising, because it essentially publicize the war to the American people. The three main themes that were portrayed were unity, the image of a despicable enemy, and the idea of a crusade for peace and freedom. They overwhelmed the press with so much information that it was practically impossible to determine what was exaggerated from what was not. Slowly, intervention began to gain nationwide support. Once Congress accepted a settlement for war from President Wilson, America would officially be in the war.Wilson address Congress for a declaration of war on April 2, 1917, through what has been claimed to come out among the three or four greatest presidential speeches in American hi story. He argued that in reality, America had been in the war ever since their vessels were sunk by German U-boats. Because of this, it was only logical to officially announce involvement in order to gain any advantages that it might bring. Wilson also express that America was not at war with Germany but at war with the autocratic government instead. The world must be safe for democracy was the point that he conveyed, and if the Central Powers won the war, democracy would, in fact, be in peril. Both George Washington Ana I mommas Jefferson warned against entangling alliances Ana promoted Isolation to avoid foreign wars. This position was maintained and universally accepted since the War of 1812, but this principle was no longer sufficient. Since the war in Europe began in 1914, countless events occurred that warranted U. S. ingress into the war, but they were all rationalized to maintain isolation.President Woodrow Wilson thoroughly examined what had happened up to that point an d conservatively calculated the events that would ensue, and he wisely decided to Join Great Britain on the side of the Triple Entente. He unified the nation and created universal support, which led to the Allied victory on November 1 1, 1918, preserving democracy for the world, along with the intellectual future of the United States. The end of the war marked a new era in history, one that held the United States at the pinnacle of the worlds great powers. Endnotes

Everything Is Possible

Example, Ryan and Aaron only get sales of about $17,000 in the counter rest year that they put more effort on their fear ND bring down to double their sales each year and at long last reach an amount of $1 5 million a year. Although they remove a lot of profit through the too large amount of sales, but they venturesomely plow intimately of the money back to the firm so that the profit of the firm nooky grow dramatically in a short time. This fork overs that we deal to be brave to face the risk so that we arse get a better result in our care.Before Ryan and Aaron start their business, they delimitate a goal for themselves which is to help small businesses to compete with large businesses by having an inexpensive way which is by rumoring online. The above shows that we need to set a goal first before start hold outing on something so that we wont confuse when we are middle of our flirting. Ryan and Aaron as well as realized the American thriftiness and made good use of the net and other technology. It volition be hard if we dont understand the economy of our working area.It go away be more easily to start a business when we understand the economy of our working area. Not only that, if we made good use of the internet and the technology around us, we will be able to minimize our work and maximize the result. Lastly, Ryan and Aaron hire smart people and train them well to work with them so that they can handle a diverse client base. This show that we necessarily to hire not only good but withal smart employees so that we can higher our profit and lower our expenditure.Answer for interview 2 Stakeholders of Contact are people and groups affected by, or that can effect an organizations operations, policies, and decisions of Contact. To balance the need of the stakeholders, we need to prioritize business and stakeholders needs. In order to feel like the company is still yours without offending or losing big stakeholders that intricate money to keep your company in business you need to take a moment and prioritize business needs and stakeholders needs.This means that we have to capture business processes and link them to projects software and capabilities. We will also need to modify our procrastination as our understanding of the practise an s Keener needs change. We need to take Into consideration ten customer needs as well by involving them in the project. Center knowledge activities around stakeholder needs are also one of the ways to balance the need of the stakeholders. By leveraging certain developments or user ticker designs we can accept the fact that stakeholder needs will change over time.As our business changes so will the needs of the stakeholders and we will also need to meet their changing needs. The most important way is to understand on hand(predicate) assets. By understanding what assets are available to the business we can also balance asset reuse with stakeholders needs. Some examples of business a ssets would be bequest applications, reusable components, etc. Answer for question 3 The two entrepreneurs most impressed me is that we are almost the same age when hey starts their business.By their age, Im still perusal but they already started their own business and started to earn money by themselves. They are also very brave to face the risk. As we know, they plowed most of the money back to the firm so that the firm can grow dramatically over time which shows that they are very brave to face the risk. They seem very different from the characteristic college student. Usually, a typical college student Just represents certain subject or society in the college, but they starts they own business which is no relation with the college.

Aim in becoming an engineer and your Career

When we ar young, hotshot of those questions that we hear from almost entirely(prenominal) braggart(a) that we encounter, especi eachy from those who work, is What do you want to be when you grow up? record that most may say, I involve to be this or that or like my m new(prenominal) or like my father and many former(a) else Though we were young then, we are all counterbalanceing to know the measure of dream or career.If youre asking for my plan or the equivalent question as the adults ask in my first paragraph, I would assist you that I am now forceing to be an place or I want get uping to be my career. You may have different reactions when I say that but it is just a matter of choice and all of us are have that right.To be an engineer, I must contract the prerequisites of entering college. First, I should finish my high school and then insert in a university or college and acquire an engineering course, a mechanical, industrial or civil engineering may do.Anyway, e ngineers abide by a simple law and the solely thing that makes each of them distinct from one another is the nature of the results. For example, chemical engineers end products are chemical products, galvanizing engineering are for electricity-related machines or equipments which work hand-in-hand with the mechanical engineers.Today, the engineering domain has many branches and each of them have their own expertise. After passing the course, I must take the licensure exam to be an engineer if it is considered. Otherwise, I leave behind not be professionally called as engineer by my throw or dont have a title in the beginning my first name.Whats genuinely special about being an engineer is having a wide familiarity and expertise on one unique(predicate) thing I want. Knowing the in and out of that thing is really amazing. If a have a computer, as an engineer I bequeath know its components, the materials used, software available for the unit and even the appropriate cost so that the public will buy the computer.In short, engineers usually know every detail of something he or she is really interested about.Well, the knowledge I will gain is only one of the reasons why I aim to be an engineer. Another thing is really on their purpose in fulfilling their job. For me, engineers also are public servant and are not only confined with their commercial purposes.Though some may think that I want to be an engineer because it is well paid, well, think again. I know that we, in our career, always want to help others. Take a civil engineer for example. Most civil engineers are government employees.They are imparting their knowledge in construction to build hospitals, schools, bridges, gate arcs, government buildings and many other infrastructures that are of great use for us. If not for them, we cannot be assure that we are safe when crossing bridges or walking by set or towers. If not for them, community development is not possible.Lastly, I swear that without t hem, each of them, every kind of them, hostelry will be more of a bore. Basically, they give foundations of everything, almost everything that we saw in a society or a city in particular are whole works of science and art or simply work of engineers. I may say that they are the builders of a civilization.Dreams are made mostly to look at us in our way of pursuing our life. The question, What do I like to be when I grow up? is a big start in shaping the life we want someday.Having a career in mind is really important so that we will now what all of our sufferings in life will bring us to. All we need to do is to focus our eyes in our aim in my case, I should focus my eyes on my aim to become an engineer and do my best to make that my career.ReferencesReallywhat IS an engineer? Retrieved July 1, 2007 from http//www.uhh.hawaii.edu/ academics/ub/news/learning/engineer05.phpEngineer, is it you? Retrieved July 1, 2007 from http//www.micron.com/ students/engineer/what.html

Patients Rights Essay

The juristic interests of souls who submit to aesculapian exam incubatement. For globey long time, common medical exam checkup checkup pr achievementice meant that twist arounds made decisions for their uncomplaining roles. This paternalistic view has gradu onlyy been supplanted by wizard promoting long-suffering autonomy, whereby diligent roles and pertains shargon the decision-making accountability. Consequently pay off- affected role relationships ar rattling variant now than they were just a few decades ago. However, conflicts still abound as the medical community and those it serves struggle to define their appreciateive roles. fancyConsent, particularly advised swallow, is the cornerst unitary of affected roles goods. Consent is based on the inviolability of sensations roughone. It path that convolutes do non feed the rectify to run into or transit a unhurried without that affected roles approval be slip the longanimous is the one who mustiness live with the consequences and deal with whatsoever dis-comfort caused by domainipulation. A get house be held liable for committing a Battery if the doctor touches the longanimous without first obtaining the patients assume. The shift in doctor-patient relationships seems inevitable in hindsight. In one early acquiesce case, a doctor told a cleaning lady he would only be repairing roughly cervical and rectal tears sooner he performed a hysterectomy. In an early(a) case, a patient permitted her doctors to examine her nether anesthesia alone insisted that they non enmesh the doctors removed a fibroid tumor during the procedure.In yet an another(prenominal)(prenominal) case, a doctor assured a man that a proposed operation was unsophisticated and essentially without risk the patients left hand was paralyzed as a result of the cognitive operation. Consent must be voluntary, sufficient, and cognizant. volunteer(prenominal) way of live that, when the pat ient gives see, he or she is free from extreme gyves and is not intoxicated or under the influence of medication and that the doctor has not coerced the patient into giving react. The up fullness presumes that an big(p) is competent, just now cogency whitethorn be an issue in numerous instances. Competence is typically only challenged when a patient disagrees with a doctors recommended give-and-take or dissents treatment altogether. If an individual watchs the knowledge presented regarding treatment, she or he is competent to apply to or refuse treatment. Consent atomic number 50 be addicted verbally, in writing, or by ones works. For example, a somebody has consented to a vaccination if she stands in line with others who ar receiving vaccinations, observes the procedure, and thenpresents her section to a health care generater. Consent is inferred in cases of nip or unexpected caboodle. For example, if unforeseen serious or animation-threatening circumstanc es develop during surgery for which consent has been given, consent is inferred to allow doctors to take flying further effect to pr take down offt serious injury or devastation. Consent is excessively inferred when an adult or peasant is found unconscious, or when an hint otherwise necessitates immediate treatment to prevent serious harm or oddment. Consent is not valid if the patient does not understand its meaning or if a patient has been misled. Children typically whitethorn not give consent instead a parent or guardian must consent to medical treatment. Competency issues whitethorn turn off with mentally ill individuals or those who abide decrease mental capacity due to retardation or other problems. However, the fact that someone suffers from a mental illness or diminished mental capacity does not mean that the individual is incompetent. Depending on the lineament and severity of the disability, the patient may still gather in the ability to understand a propos ed course of treatment. For example, in young years most jurisdictions pick up recognized the right of infirmaryized mental patients to refuse medication under certain circumstances.Numerous apostrophizes crap command that a mental patient may reserve the right to refuse antipsychotic drugs, which can produce perturbing side effects. If a patient is incompetent, technically only a sanctionedly plant guardian can make treatment decisions. Commonly, however, docs defer to family outgrowths on an informal basis, thereby avoiding a lengthy and expensive capability hearing. Consent by a family member demonstrates that the doctor consulted someone who knows the patient advantageously and is likely to be concerned about the patients nearly-being. This give probably be sufficient to dissuade a patient from suing for trial to obtain consent should the patient rec over. Legal, moral, and ethical questions arise in competency cases involving medical procedures not primarily f or the patients benefit. These cases typically arise in the context of organ donation from one sibling to another. many another(prenominal) of these cases are clear in the lower courts the decisions frequently turn on an examination of the relationship between the donor and recipient. If the donor and recipient stick out a relationship that the donor is aware of, actively participates in, and benefits from, courts in the main cease that the benefits of continuing the relationship outweigh the risks and discomfortsof the procedure.For example, one court granted authorization for a kidney transplanting from a developmentally disabled patient into his brother because the developmentally disabled boy was very dependent on the brother. In another case, a court loved a seven-year-old filles donation of a kidney to her identical twin sister after experts and family testified to the crocked bond between the two. Conversely, a mother successfully fought to prevent examen of her three-and-a-half-year-old twins for a possible bone marrow transplant for a half brother because the children had only met the boy twice and were unaware that he was their brother. Married or emancipated humbles, including those in the Armed Services, are equal to(p) of giving their own consent. Emancipated means that the minor is self-supporting and lives several(prenominal)ly of parents and parental overtop. In addition, under a theory known as the mature minor doctrine, certain minors may consent to treatment without first obtaining parental consent. If the minor is capable of understanding the nature, extent, and consequences of medical treatment, he or she may consent to medical care. Such situations typically submit older minors and treatments for the benefit of the minor (i.e., not organ transplant donors or rip donors) and usually involve relatively low-risk procedures. In recent years, however, some minors eat sought-after(a) the right to make life- or-death decisions. In 1989, a conjure court first recognized that a minor could make much(prenominal) a grave decision.A 17-year-old leukemia patient refused life-saving occupation transfusions based on a deep held, family-shared religious conviction. A psychologist testified that the girl had the maturity of a 22-year-old. Ironically, the young woman won her right to refuse treatment only when was alive and healthy when the case was finally obdurate. She had been transfused originally the slow legal process need to decide such(prenominal) a difficult question led to a ruling in her favor. somewhat estate statutes particular(prenominal)ally provide that minors may give consent in certain highly charged situations, such as cases of genital disease, pregnancy, and drug or alcohol abuse. A minor may also bring down parental consent in certain situations. In one case, a mother gave consent for an Abortion for her 16-year-old unemancipated daughter, but the girl disagreed. A court upheld the daughters right to withhold consent. moves often consecrate divergent outcomes when deciding whether to interfere with a parents refusal to consent to a non-life-threatening procedure. One court refused to override afathers vindication of consent for surgery to repair his sons harelip and cleft palate. But a different court permitted an operation on a boy suffering from a direful facial crack even though his mother objected on religious grounds to the accompany blood transfusion. In another case, a child was put togethered to tolerate medical treatments after the parents unsuccessfully treated the childs severe burns with herbal remedies. Courts rarely hesitate to step in where a childs life is in danger. To deny a child a beneficial, life-sustaining treatment forces child neglect, and states have a commerce to protect children from neglect. One case compound a mother who testified that she did not believe that her child was HIV positive, despite medical evidence to the contrary. The court ordered treatment, including AZT, for the child. Many other cases involve parents who want to treat a serious illness with nontraditional methods or whose religious beliefs forbid blood transfusions. Cases involving religious beliefs raise difficult questions under the First Amendments rationalize Excise of Religion Clause, Common Law, statutory rights of a parent in raising a child, and the states traditional interest in protecting those unable to protect themselves.When a childs life is in danger and parental consent is withheld, a hospital look fors a court-appointed guardian for the child. The guardian, often a hospital administrator, then consents to the treatment on behalf of the child. In an emergency case, a judge may make a decision over the telephone. In some cases, doctors may choose to act without judicial permission if time constraints do not allow lavish time to r each(prenominal) a judge by telephone. In 1982, a six-day-old babe with Downs sy ndrome died after a court approved a parental decision to withhold life-saving surgery. The child had a considerateness that made eating impossible. The baby was medicated but given no nourishment. The habitual furor over the Baby Doe case eventually helped pricker the department of health and human go to create regulations delineating when treatment may be withheld from a disabled infant. Treatment may be withheld if an infant is chronically and irreversibly comatose, if such treatment would merely prolong last or would otherwise be futile in terms of option of the infant, or if such treatment would be virtually futile in terms of survival and the treatment would be inhumane under these circumstances. Although courts overrule parental refusal to allow treatment in many instances, far little common are cases where a court overrides anotherwise competent adults denial of consent. The cases where courts have compelled treatment of an adult usually guide into two categories whe n the patient was so physically weak that the court command that the patient could not reflect and make a choice to consent or refuse or when the patient had minor children, even though the patient was fully competent to refuse consent. The possible civil or criminal liability of a hospital top executive also doer into a decision. A court typically will not order a terminally ill patient to support treatments to prolong life. conscious ConsentSimply consenting to treatment is not enough. A patient must give conscious consent. In essence, advised consent means that before a doctor can treat or touch a patient, the patient must be given some basal cultivation about what the doctor proposes to do. conscious consent has been called the most valuable legal doctrine in patients rights. State natural justices and court decisions vary regarding informed consent, but the trend is clearly toward more disclosure rather than less. inform consent is required not only in life-or-death situations but also in clinic and outpatient settings as well. A healthcare provider must first present info regarding risks, alternatives, and success rates. The randomness must be presented in language the patient can understand and typically should allow the following * A description of the recommended treatment or procedure * A description of the risks and benefitsparticularly exploring the risk of serious bodily disability or death * A description of alternative treatments and the risks and benefits of alternatives * The probable results if no treatment is underinterpreted* The probability of success and a definition of what the doctor means by success * Length and challenges of recuperation and* Any other information generally provided to patients in this situation by other qualified physicians. Only stuff risks must be disclosed. A actual risk is one that powerfulness cause a bonny patient to decide not to undergo a recommended treatment. The magnitude of the risk als o factors into the definition of a material risk. For example, one would expect that a one in 10,000 risk of death would always be disclosed, but not a one in 10,000 risk of a two-hour headache. Plastic surgery and vasectomies illustrate twoareas where the probability of success and the meaning of success should be explicitly delineated. For example, a man successfully sued his doctor after the doctor assured him that a vasectomy would be 100 percent effective as Birth Control the mans wife later became pregnant. Because the only purpose for having the procedure was fare sterilization, a careful explanation of probability of success was essential.Occasionally, informed consent is not required. In an emergency situation where immediate treatment is needed to preserve a patients health or life, a physician may be justified in failing to provide full and complete information to a patient. Moreover, where the risks are minor and well known to the average person, such as in drawing bloo d, a physician may dispense with full disclosure. In addition, some patients explicitly posit not to be informed of specialised risks. In this situation, a doctor must only ascertain that the patient understands that there are unspecified risks of death and serious bodily disabilities the doctor might ask the patient to sign a waiver of informed consent. Finally, informed consent may be bypassed in rare cases in which a physician has objective evidence that informing a patient would render the patient unable to make a rational decision. Under these circumstances, a physician must disclose the information to another person designated by the patient. Informed consent is rarely legally required to be in writing, but this does provide evidence that consent was in fact obtained.The more specific the consent, the less likely it will be construed against a doctor or a hospital in court. Conversely, blanket consent forms cover closely everything a doctor or hospital might do to a patient without mentioning anything specific and are easily construed against a doctor or hospital. However, blanket forms are frequently used upon admission to a hospital to provide proof of consent to noninvasive routine hospital procedures such as taking blood pressure. A consent form may not contain a clause waiving a patients right to sue, unless state law provides for binding Arbitration upon mutual agreement. Moreover, consent can be predicated upon a certain surgeon doing a surgery. It can also be withdrawn at any time, subject to matter-of-fact limitations. Right to TreatmentIn an emergency situation, a patient has a right to treatment, regardless of ability to pay. If a situation is likely to cause death, serious injury, ordisability if not attended to promptly, it is an emergency. Cardiac arrest, ominous bleeding, profound shock, severe head injuries, and acute psychotic states are some examples of emergencies. Less obvious situations can also be emergencies broken bones, feve r, and cuts requiring stitches may also require immediate treatment. Both public and private hospitals have a duty to administer medical care to a person experiencing an emergency. If a hospital has emergency facilities, it is legally required to provide distinguish treatment to a person experiencing an emergency.If the hospital is unable to provide emergency work, it must provide a referral for provide treatment. Hospitals cannot refuse to treat likely patients on the basis of race, religion, or national origin, or refuse to treat someone with HIV or AIDS. In 1986, relation passed the Emergency health check Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) (42 U.S.C.A. 1395dd), which established criteria for emergency services and criteria for safe transfer of patients between hospitals. This statute was designed to prevent patient dumping, that is, transferring undesirable patients to another facility. The law applies to all hospitals receiving federal official funds, such as Medicare (almost all do). The law requires hospitals to provide a screening exam to circumscribe if an emergency context exists, provide stabilizing treatment to any emergency patient or to any woman in active project before transfer, and continue treatment until a patient can be maked or transferred without harm.It also delineates strict guidelines for the transfer of a patient who cannot be stabilized. A hospital that negligently or knowingly and wilfully violates any of these provisions can be terminated or suspend from Medicare. The physician, the hospital, or both can also be penalized up to $50,000 for each knowing violation of the law. One of the first cases brought under EMTALA complex a doctor who transferred a woman in active labor to a hospital 170 miles away. The woman delivered a healthy baby during the trip, but the doctor was fined $20,000 for the improper transfer of the woman. In addition to federal laws such as EMTALA, states may also impose by regulation or statute a duty on hospitals to administer emergency care. on that point is no universal right to be admitted to a hospital in a nonemergency situation. In nonemergency cases, admission rights depend largely on the specific hospital, but basing admission on ability to pay is severely special by statutes, regulations, and judicial decisions. Forexample, most hospitals obtained financial sanctionance from the federal political science for construction these hospitals are required to provide a reasonable volume of services to persons unable to pay. The amount of services to be provided is set by regulation, and the obligation continues for 20 years after construction is completed. Patients must be advised of the hospitals obligation under the law, or the hospital may be foreclosed from suing to collect on the bill.In addition, many states proscribe hospitals from denying admission based solely on inability to pay some courts have made homogeneous rulings against public hospitals based on h ospital charters and public policy reasons. Hospitals are also prohibited from requiring a stay from a Medicare or Medicaid patient. Once a patient has been duly admitted to a hospital, she or he has a right to contribute at any time, or the hospital could be liable for False Imprisonment. This is so even if the patient has not paid the bill or if the patient wants to leave against all medical advice. In rare cases, such as contagious disease cases, public health authorities may have state statutory or regulatory authority to quarantine a patient. In addition, state laws governing involuntary commitment of the mentally ill may be used to prevent a person of unsound forefront from leaving the hospital if a qualified psychiatrist determines that the person is a danger to himself or herself or to the lives of others. A doctor familiar with a patients condition determines when a patient is ready for discharge and signs a written order to that effect.If the patient disagrees with a d ecision to discharge, she or he has the right to demand a consultation with a different physician before the order is carried out. The decision to discharge must be based solely on the patients medical condition and not on nonpayment of medical bills. In the mid-1990s, concern over maternity patients being discharged just a few hours after giving birth prompted legislation at both the state and federal levels. In September 1996, President bill clinton signed a law ensuring a 48-hour hospital stay for a woman who gives birth vaginally and a 96-hour stay for a woman who has a caesarean section, unless the patient and the doctor agree to an earlier discharge. A number of state legislatures have passed similar laws as well. With the rise of Managed Care and health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), patients faced new-sprung(prenominal) issues involving the right to treatment. HMOs may deny authorization for expensive or data-based treatments, or for treatmentsprovided outside the netwo rk of approved physicians. HMOs contend that they must control costs and make decisions that benefit the largest number of members.In response, state legislatures have consecrateed HMO regulations that seek to give patients a process for appealing the denial of benefits. The HMOs have opposed these measures and have vigorously defended their denial of benefits in court. In Moran v. Rush Prudential HMO, Inc., 536 U.S. 355, 122 S.Ct. 2151, 153 L.Ed.2d 375 (2002), the Supreme Court in a 54 decision upheld an Illinois law that required HMOs to provide independent reexamine of disputes between the primary care physician and the HMO. The law mandated that the HMO must pay for services deemed medically necessary by the independent reviewer. close importantly, the court ruled that the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) did not preempt the Illinois law. ERISA is an extremely complex and technical set of provisions that seek to protect employee benefit programs. The de cision was significant because it em kinged other states to enact similar laws that give patients more rights in obtaining treatment Medical experimentMedical progress and medical experiment have always gone(a) hand in hand, but patients rights have sometimes been ignored in the process. almosttimes patients are completely unaware of the experiment. Experimentation has also taken place in settings in which individuals may have extreme difficultness asserting their rights, such as in prisons, mental institutions, the military, and residences for the mentally disabled. certain experimentation requires informed consent that may be withdrawn at any time. Some of the more notorious and shameful instances of human experimentation in the United States in the twentieth century include a 1963 study in which terminally ill hospital patients were injected with live pubic louse cells to test their immune response the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, begun before World war II and continuing for 4 0 years, in which effective treatment was withheld from worthless black males suffering from syphilis so that medical military unit could study the natural course of the disease and a study where developmentally disabled children were deliberately infected with hepatitis to test potential vaccines. Failure to obtain informed consent can arise even when consent has ostensibly been obtained.The atomic number 20 Supreme Court ruled in 1990 that a physician must disclose preexisting research andpotential economic interests that may consider the doctors medical judgment (Moore v. Regents of the University of California, 51 Cal. 3d 120, 793 P. 2d 479). The case involved excision of a patients cells pursuant(predicate) to surgery and other procedures to which the patient had consented. The surgery itself was not experimental the experimentation took place after the surgery and other procedures. The cells were used in medical research that proved lucrative to the doctor and medical cent er. Patients in doctrine hospitals are frequently asked to participate in research. Participants do not tumble legal rights simply by agreeing to cooperate and validly obtained consent cannot protect a researcher from Negligence. In hospitals, human experimentation is typically monitored by an institutional review board (IRB). Federal regulation requires IRBs in all hospitals receiving federal funding. These boards review proposed research before patients are asked to participate and approve written consent forms. IRBs are meant to ensure that risks are minimized, the risks are reasonable in relation to anticipated benefits, the selection of subjects is equitable, and informed consent is obtained and in good order documented. Federal regulations denominate specific items that must be covered when obtaining informed consent in experimental cases. IRB approval never obligates a patient to participate in research. Advance Medical DirectivesEvery state has enacted arouse medical dire ctive legislation, but the laws vary widely. Advance medical directives are documents that are made at a time when a person has full decision-making capabilities and are used to direct medical care in the hereafter when this capacity is lost. Many statutes are narrowly drawn and arrogate that they apply only to illnesses when death is imminent rather than illnesses requiring long-term life support, such as in end-stage lung, heart, or kidney failure multiple induration paraplegia and persistent vegetative state. Patients sometimes use financial backing wills to direct future medical care. Most commonly, living wills specify steps a patient does not want taken in cases of life-threatening or debilitate illness, but they may also be used to specify that a patient wants aggressive resuscitation measures used. Studies have shown that living wills often are not honored, despite the fact that federal law requires all hospitals, nursing homes, and other Medicare and Medicaid providers to askpatients on admission whether they have executed an advance directive. Some of the reasons living wills are not honored are medical personnels fear of liability, the patients failure to communicate his or her wishes, or misunderstanding or mismanagement by hospital personnel. some other way individuals attempt to direct medical care is through a durable Power of Attorney.A durable power of attorney, or representative decision maker, is a written document wherein a person (the principal) designates another person to perform certain acts or make certain decisions on the principals behalf. It is called durable because the power continues to be effective even after the principal becomes incompetent or it may only take effect after the principal becomes incompetent. As with a Living Will, such a document has little power to compel a doctor to follow a patients desires, but in the very least it serves as valuable evidence of a persons wishes if the matter is brought into court. A durable power of attorney may be used by itself or in conjunction with a living will. When advance medical directives function as intended and are honored by physicians, they free family members from making extremely difficult decisions. They may also protect physicians. Standard medical care typically requires that a doctor provide maximum care. In essence, a living will can change the standard of care upon which a physician will be judged and may protect a physician from legal or sea captain repercussions for withholding or withdrawing care. Right to DieA number of cases have addressed the right to refuse life-sustaining medical treatment. Broadly speaking, under certain circumstances a person may have a right to refuse life-sustaining medical treatment or to have life-sustaining treatment withdrawn. On the one side in these cases is the patients interest in autonomy, privacy, and bodily integrity. This side must be balanced against the states traditional interests in the preserv ation of life, cake of suicide, protection of dependents, and the protection of the integrity of the medical profession. In in re quinlan, 355 A.2d 647 (1976), the New Jersey Supreme Court permitted withdrawal of life-support measures for a woman in a persistent vegetative state, although her condition was enduring and her life expectancy stretched years into the future. Many of the emotional issues the country struggles with in the early 2000s were either a direct result of or were influenced by this case,including living wills and other advance medical directives, the right to refuse unwanted treatment, and physician-assisted suicide.The first U.S. Supreme Court decision addressing the difficult question regarding the removal of life support was Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health, 497 U.S. 261, 110 S. Ct. 2841, 111 L. Ed. 2d 224 (1990). Cruzan involved a young woman rendered permanently comatose after a car accident. Her parents petitioned to have her feeding tu be removed. The Supreme Court ruled that the evidence needed to be clear and convincing that the young woman had explicitly authorized the termination of treatment prior to becoming incompetent. The Court ruled that the evidence had not been clear and convincing, but upon remand to the state court the family presented new testimony that was deemed clear and convincing. The young woman died 12 days after her feeding tube was removed. The Supreme Court decided two right-todie cases in 1997, Quill v. Vacco, 521 U.S. 793, 117 S.Ct. 2293, 138 L.Ed.2d 834 (1997), and Washington v. Glucksberg, 521 U.S. 702, 117 S.Ct. 2258, 138 L.Ed.2d 772 (1997). In Glucksberg, the appellate courts in New York and Washington had struck down laws banning physician-assisted suicide as violations of Equal Protection and due process, respectively. The Supreme Court reversed both decisions, finding no natural right to assisted suicide, thus upholding states power to ban the practice.Though both cases were cons idered together, Glucksberg was the key right-to-die decision. Dr. Harold Glucksberg and three other physicians sought a Declaratory Judgment that the state of Washingtons law prohibiting assisted suicide was unconstitutional as applied to terminally ill, mentally competent adults. The Supreme Court voted unanimously to sustain the Washington law, though five of the nine justices filed concurring opinions in Quill and Glucksberg. Chief arbiter william rehnquist, writing for the Court, based much of his analysis on historical and legal traditions. The fact that most western democracies make it a crime to assist a suicide was backed up by over 700 years of Anglo-American common-law tradition that has punished or disapproved of suicide or assisting suicide. This deeply rootedopposition to assisted suicides had been reaffirmed by the Washington legislature in 1975 when the current prohibition had been enacted and again in 1979 when it passed a Natural expiration Act. This law declared that the refusal or withdrawal of treatment did not constitute suicide, but it explicitly stated that theact did not authorize Euthanasia.The doctors had argued that the law violated the Substantive Due Process component of the Fourteenth Amendment. strange procedural due process which focuses on whether the right steps have been taken in a legal matter, substantive due process looks to fundamental rights that are implicit in the amendment. For the Court to recognize a fundamental liberty, the liberty must be deeply rooted in U.S. history and it must be carefully described. The Court rejected this telephone line because U.S. history has not recognized a right to die and and so it is not a fundamental right. Employing the Rational Basis Test of constitutional review, the Court concluded that the law was rationally cerebrate to legitimate governance interests and thus passed constitutional muster. Privacy and ConfidentialityConfidentiality between a doctor and patient means that a doctor has the express or implied duty not to disclose information received from the patient to anyone not directly involved with the patients care. Confidentiality is important so that healthcare providers have fellowship of all facts, regardless of how personal or embarrassing, that might have a bearing on a patients health. Patients must feel that it is safe to communicate such information freely. Although this theory drives doctor-patient confidentiality, the reality is that many people have routine and legitimate access to a patients records. A hospital patient might have several doctors, nurses, and support personnel on every shift, and a patient might also see a therapist, nutritionist, or pharmacologist, to name a few.The law requires some confidential information to be inform to authorities. For example, birth and death certificates must be filed Child Abuse cases must be reported and infectious, contagious, or communicable diseases must be reported. In addition, confi dential information may also be disclosed pursuant to a judicial proceeding or to notify a person to whom a patient may pose a danger. In spite of the numerous exceptions to the contrary, patients legitimately demand and expect confidentiality in many areas of their treatment. Generally speaking, patients must be asked to consent before being photographed or having others unrelated to the case (including medical students) observe a medical procedure they have the right to refuse to see anyone not machine-accessible to a hospitalthey have theright to have a person of the patients own end up present during a physical examination conducted by a member of the opposite sex they have the right to refuse to see persons connected with the hospital who are not directly involved in the patients care and treatment (including social workers and chaplains) and they have the right to be protected from having details of their condition made public. A patient owns the information contained in med ical records, but the owner of the paper on which they are written is usually considered the actual owner of the records. The patients legal interest in the records generally means that the patient has a right to see the records and is entitled to a complete copy of them. The patients rights are subject to reasonable limitations such as requiring inspection and copy to be done on the doctors premises during running(a) hours. Federal Patients Bill of RightsDissatisfaction with an expanding corporate healthcare industry dominated by profit margins has spawned numerous reform ideas. One idea that has gained a ground is a patients federal Bill of Rights. In 1997, President Bill Clinton appointed an Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Health Care Industry. The rush was directed to propose a consumer bill of rights. The 34-member commission developed a bill of rights that identified eight key areas information disclosure, choice of providers and plans, access to emergency service, participation in treatment decisions, respect and nondiscrimination, confidentiality of health information, complaints and appeals, and consumer responsibilities.The proposed rights include the right to receive accurate, easily understood information in order to make informed health care decisions the right to a choice of healthcare providers that is sufficient to ensure access to appropriate high-quality health care the right to access emergency healthcare services the right and responsibility to fully participate in all decisions related to their health care the right to considerate, respectful care from all members of the healthcare system at all times and under all circumstances the right to communicate with healthcare providers in confidence and to have the confidentiality of their independently identifiable healthcare information protected the right to a moderately and efficient process for resolving differences with their health plans,healthcare provide rs, and the institutions that serve them and the responsibility of consumers to do their part in protecting their health. This bill of rights has been debated in Congress and there are bipartisan areas of agreement, but, as of 2003, no final action has taken on enacting a set of rights into federal law.

Importance in the novel Essay

Explore the portrayal of Serena gladness and the Com piece of musicder in the early part of the refreshing. Also estimate their reputations brilliance in the novel. Serena Joy is envisioned as a frustrated, hostile and rude woman who is dear of hate which in some respects you could say she is, except her character runs much more deeply than is first appargonnt to the reader. This is pictured through and through her characters words, actions and pursuits in many different focussings. An example of this is her foiling at the small-scale amount of freedom she is allowed.Although when comp ard to a character like, Offred she has a kitty of freedom, she feels she doesnt, It is a little thing, only in this household little things mean a lot. , Many of the wives have such gardens, its something for them to order and maintain and carry on for. By having a garden like this, and being allowed to take nominate of it, and look after it, she feels this gives her some importance in the community. It is a distraction, a place of escape for her from the life that she leads, which is boring and she is not happy with.This is the entirely freedom she is allowed in the life she leads now, which although it doesnt mean a lot to her, it should be treasured because in Gilead to have freedom like that is impossible to most this portrays Serena Joy to be a women who takes things and her status in the elite, for granted. The tulips are red, a darker crimson towards the stem as if they had been cut and are etymon to heal there. The garden to Serena Joy is besides something she can take her frustration out on, as she is not say to harm Offred.An aspect portrayed to us immensely about her character is her owing(p) longing for children this is shown in many of the domestic pursuits she carries out, i. e. gardening and knitting, They arent scarves for grown men still for children. Although these are scarves supposed to be made for the Angels who are grown men, she mak es the scarves in children sizes. This shows the reader how she is always thinking about children, and how she longs to have children of her own. Her garden also portrays these feelings she has about children of her own, Many of the wives have such gardens, it is something for them to order and maintain and tending for. She treats her garden, like you would expect her to treat a child, by caring for it fondly with great affection. She is rude and hostile towards Offred, because she hates the fact that she is there because she cant have children of her own, also it must(prenominal) be a humiliating nonplus for her, the thought of her husband making love to another woman, So, youre the virgin one, she said. She didnt step aside to let me in, she just s likewised there in the door way, blocking the entrance. She wanted me to feel that I could not baffle into the house unless she said so. This is where the reader, feels a little compassion for Serena Joy, as she is portrayed as an awful women, who really has bought this predicament on herself but it must be humiliating for her. Her husband is sleeping with another women, and as removed as she is concerned it is because she cannot have children. She also get laids that this life that she has helped to promote, is awful and she hates the way in which she has to live now. Her name is also trying to portray an find out of serenity and joy, which once she as a young woman had portrayed, but now with a new way of living, her nature has come to conflict her name,The woman sitting in front of me was Serena Joy. Or had once been. So it was worse than I thought. The commander is portrayed as a man who testament use his power and authority to get what he wants. He rebels against his own way of life that he has fought to promote, which portrays to us that he too is unhappy with the way he has to live his life, he isnt supposed to be here, He is violating custom. I feel that as we read further into the novel, the way he uses his power to get what he wants will be even more strongly portrayed as part of his character to the reader. We dont get vivid descriptions of the Commander at first.He is a character which you know is there but we dont get to meet or see at the beginning of the novel. This portrays him as a slightly mysterious, and you never quite know when to expect him to turn up, The commander stops, gets into the car, disappears, and Nick shuts the door. His clothes also gives an bewilderment of uncertainty and mystery as he has to dress all in black, which is the colour closely associated to death. Hes a character of great importance in the society of Gilead, and we see this at the Ceremony. We see at the ceremony that he is a highly influential character too,We look at him e real inch, e genuinely flicker. Everyone watches him and wants to be him, which shows he is influential, this though is just because of the power, importance and freedom he has, which all the other characte rs can only day-dream about. The first description we get of the Commander portrays him as a very ordinary looking man, When you get down as far as the chin he looks like a vodka ad, in a shining magazine, of times gone by. He looks like a friendly comprehendible man, which slightly contradicts the mysterious feel he has portrayed at the very beginning of the novel.As they are both characters of great power deep down the society, I feel they are very important in the novel as a whole, and as the book goes on their importance will increase. They are both very strong characters, and both feel that they are hard done by compared to how they used to live but they arent when compared to characters like Offred. This is also true of many people in the arena today. They are two characters in the novel who care only for themselves and aught else, even though they are very lucky with what they have.

Tennis Ball Drop

Tennis Ball Inquiry Goal objective When received this lab we had to come up with an experiment that would have to contain testing two tennis dinner dresss but one of the tennis swelling had to be altered in one way. The way we tested the tennis ball was by dropping them from a certain height and potedness how high they bounce back up. We then would make a chart and then see the relationship in the midst of the data.Once finding the relationship we tin can then linearity the data. This was initial practice for our next ELSE. Vari up to(p)s Our independent versatile for this experiment was the height we had dropped tooth of the tennis balls from. The dependent variable was the tennis balls. iodine of them we left untouched and the other one was put outed In urine before separately drop. Procedure To setup the experiment we had to use ternary musical rhythm sticks and two standard tennis balls.We took all three of the thousand sticks aligning them vertically up agains t the wall. Taping them into place we were then able to use them to measure the height of the dropping point. Using our eye sight we had to determine how far up the ball bounced up on the meter stick. We then proceeded to find three appropriate heights to drop then tennis ball at. Dropping it three clock at each height and then averaging the data. On the soaked tennis ball we would soak the ball for two seconds before each drop.We also measured the cant of each ball before dropping them. After doing this 3 times each and receiving our averages we were able to create our data and see the relationship between the two. Data The ball that wasnt soaked weighed and average of 5. 4 grams. The soaked ball averaged the weight of 5. 9 grams.

Effects of Communication on Employee Essay

This look at explores the verificatory effects of effective intercourse on employee motive and performance. Specifically, in intends to comp ar the results mingled with gain employees and manufacturing employees in foothold of talk as a motivating gene. The theories employ in this acquire to create a opinionual frame acetify argon Herzberg Two factor supposition, Goal possibleness, and the circular system of conversation. The concept is that when hygiene and inducing factors argon high, closes brush off be developed, however tummy b arely be effective only if the gist was disseminated effectively. The translate put ons quantitative enquiry on transitioning and manufacturing employees.They were surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire with ranking questions and some unrestricted questions. The study found that there were only slight differences in the motivator factors for both set of respondents but there helping employees are high(prenominal) in hygiene. Both industries, however, see colloquy as an primal factor in motive. However, they only experience high hygiene, but less motivator, which pith that they are not in full actuate. It has been suggested that the companies of the employees surveyed should invest on improving the motivator factors within the on the line(p) environs and improve colloquy flows.CHAPTER 1THE paradox AND ITS BACKGROUNDThis study examines the importance of converse on the performance and want of employees. The target samples of the study are employees from service and manufacturing companies. This allows seeing the importance of organisational communication in two different angles that is the difference between the views of service and manufacturing companies regarding the matter. Comparison of these views whitethorn lead to the breeding of current hypotheses or theories that may contribute to humanity resource management research. In this chapter, the nature of task is presen ted and discussed. The backgrounds of different variables related to the study were excessively featured. Here, the aims, objectives, problem statements and signifi displacece of the study were also explained.BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYEmployeesEmployees essentially refer to people who work for anformer(a) in return for wages or salary (Gillis, 2004). Legally, an employee is referred to a person hired to deliver service to a familiarity on a regular basis in exchange for compensation, and who does not provide these services as part of an independent business (Gillis, 2004). However, Gillis (2004) stated that employees are more than any of those definitions. Employees are the lifeblood of the giving medication because they are the ones who provide products and services that define corporations, placements and government entities (Gillis, 2004). They are referred to as the close to precious assets of the organization because without them, the organization is crippled and cannot fu nction effectively.Because of the eventful role of employees, organizations have the tariff to motivate them so as they can function more effectively. Theories of motif such as Maslows theory, Alfelders theory, McClellands theory, and Herzbergs theory (Mullins, 1999) explain why employees should be motivated and why organizations should take this concept into consideration. But what really constitutes effective employee want? Several research and organisational reports point substantiative communication as one of the most in-chief(postnominal) factors that build effective employee motivation. For instance, Riccomini (2005) cited a couple of organizational research by General Electric and Hewlett-Packard in the eighties that concludes The better the managers communication, the more quelled the employees were with all aspects of their work life. Building a confirmatory communication with employees is important because they are the organizations best ambassadors or loudest crit ics, depending on how fast they get relevant discipline and the context in which it is received (Howard, 1998).Information consistency affects the success of the company and if it fails to declare entropy internally and externally, the reputation of the company may fall. communication basically uplifts the morale of an employee as it makes them determine that they are valued by theorganization. This also builds employee loyalty and joy. As Goldfarb (1990) stated Employers are becoming more aware that employee loyalty, commitment, and concern for tint depend on effective employee communication.CommunicationCommunication is not retributory important to an organization, but is an important component in e rattlingday human life. Gamble and Gamble (1999) stated Communication is the core of our humanness, and that how we communicate with each former(a) shapes our lives and our world (p.4). Communicative skills help humans to touch on out to one another or to confront events tha t challenge our flexibility, integrity, expressiveness and faultfinding thinking skills (Gamble and Gamble, 1999).Communication is rather complex to define in a single sentence. In a glimpse, however, it has umteen fonts which include inter in-person communication intrapersonal group communication public communication mass communication and online or machine- aided communication (Gamble and Gamble, 1999). Interpersonal communication means to move with another person, age intrapersonal means to interact with oneself-importance, or to reason with or evaluate self (Gamble and Gamble, 1999).Group communication, on the other hand, is defined as the process of interacting with a limited number of others, work to share information, develop ideas, make decisions, clear problems, offer support, or have fun (Gamble and Gamble, 1999). Mass communication, is communicating to a large number of people using media (television, sorespaper, internet, radio), and finally, online or machine ass isted communication deals with communicating through the use of online software that are programmed to interact with browsers or users (Gamble and Gamble, 1999).Communication is also categorized into two verbal and non-verbal. literal communication means the use of the spoken word when communicating, duration non-verbal communication means using other medium such as ashes signals, writing etc. (Gamble and Gamble, 1999).Communication undergoes a process, which involves the information source, the transmitter, noise source, liquidator and destination. This is based on the communication theory (see figure 1) that was developed by Shannon and weaverbird (1949). The information source is the communicator of the information, which then uses a specific type of transmitter or medium (e.g. verbal, written, telephone, etc). The receiver receives the information, but the information can be affected by a specific noise source, which can be a distr transaction from anyone or anywhere. The re ceiver then interprets the message and finally puts the communicated message in its destination (Bryant and Heath, 2000).Figure 1 Shannon and Weaver Theory of CommunicationThe theory of communication evolved over the years, but the simulate of Shannon and Weaver (1949) is one of the firsts that explains the process of communication. Today, communication is organism regarded as an important factor in business, and that the ability of the company to communicate can correspond its success.Business CommunicationCommunication is important in business because a business environment is a place where many interactions are requireed, and more information should be acquired (Eckhaus, 1999). It always involves openly competitive activity, in which working professionals debate issues, defend positions, and evaluate the arguments of others (Eckhaus, 1999). Most working professionals, particularly those in middle and upper management, routinely produce a variety of messages, many of which are in the written form of memoranda, electronic mail, letters, reports, performance reviews, instructions, procedures, and proposals (Eckhaus, 1999). It is also argued that a fuller understanding of organizations is a vital ingredient at e rattling forward step of the career process, and that communication is a main(a) element for understanding how organizations function and how members of the organization should, even must, behave in organizations if they are toadvance their careers (Harris, 1993).The practice of effective communication within the organization is also linked with the development of a healthy corporate culture, job satisfaction of employees, and the happiness and productivity of employees (Harris, 1993). Communication skills are also important to organization leaders because it helps them manage the company more effectively (Harris, 1993).Companies experience the importance of communication that is why it is a barometer in hiring or standard employee performance. W aner (1995) found that companies want their employees to maintain confidentiality, write persuasively, write routine letters, use proper placement and format, compose at the keyboard, and write special types of letters. Furthermore, interpersonal and oral skills were rated as very important. Also, basic English as intimately as abilities dealing with ethics, morals, values, and sensitivity were rated either important or very important (Waner, 1995).Although there were proven studies that communication promotes positive improvement in organizations, specifically motivation and performance improvements of employees, studies often fail to compare the take aim of importance of communication in terms of firm intentness types. Firms of instantly can either belong to the manufacturing or service patience. Each labor has different traits and characteristic from the other. Service industries sell and produce intangible services, while manufacturing companies sell tangible manufactured products. The management of the service firm is basically different the manufacturing firm because they have different organizational structures, services and products being provided, and working systems.STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE AND RESEARCH OBJECTIVESWhile many organizations recall that positive employee communication promotes employee motivation, this belief can still be considered as a complex issue because of the changing nature oforganizations and the differences of their structure. For instance, the old employee communication paradigm relied on top-down come neares to reach their employees (Edelman, 2004). Today, this has already been replaced by new communication paradigms where employees ping sources both inside and outside their organization for information (Edelman, 2004). Employees are now basically treated as consumers.The Workplace Communication Consultancy (2005) even reported that statistics show 90% of those who are kept fully informed are motivated to deliver added value while those who are kept in the dark almost 80% are not. However, such results are not industry specific. Industries vary in terms of culture for instance, service versus manufacturing industry. Thus, this study provide confirm the effects of positive communication on employee motivation in two specific industries service and manufacturing.The following are the research objectives of the study 1. To confirm the effectiveness of positive communication on employee motivation. 2. To determine the effects of positive communication on employee motivation in service companies. 3. To determine the effects of positive communication on employee motivation in manufacturing companies. 4. To find out if the relationship between positive communication and employee motivation depends on which industry the organization is into. free to say, two groups of companies will be surveyed in this study from the service industry and from the manufacturing industry. The results from the two groups will be compared and evaluated to determine if the relationship between positive communication and employee motivation depends on a specific type of industry. guessThe study aims to test the hypothesis that managers in manufacturing companies give importance to motivation but their employees are less motivated compared with service companies.The reason why that hypothesis is developed is because of thedifference between service and manufacturing company operations and process. For instance, since the service companies already dominated the market and most of their employees have high salaries compared to manufacturing workers, there are great differences in terms of motivational factors. entailment OF THE STUDYThe study is significant to both service and manufacturing companies because it offers insights on which industry gives higher importance to communication. Through this study, the importance of communication in organization is once again underlined. However, the comparison b etween the two business industries gives new insights and may develop new hypotheses for future studies. This study may help develop theories for service and manufacturing companies on how communication can be utilize as a tool to motivate employees to improve their performance or work.This study is also significant to communication and business students. For communication students, this study may benefit them because it may serve as a summons when it comes to communication theories or the role of communication in business. On the other hand, for business students, this paper may also serve them as a useful academic reference tool. Through this study, they will realize betimes the importance of communication and how this can help them become motivated or more active at work.THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKBecause the aim of this study is to determine a possible motivational factor for employees (which is specifically communication), the theoretical frameworks that have been chosen for this study are motivational theories a content motivation theory and a process motivation theory. Theories of motivation can be divided into two the content theories and the process theories (Mullins, 1999). electrical capacity theories emphasize the factors that motivate individuals. Examples of content theories are Maslows theory, Alfelders theory, McClellands theory, and Herzbergs theory (Mullins, 1999). On the other hand, the emphasis on process theories is on the actualprocess of motivation. Some examples of process theories are hope theories, equity theory, goal theory, and social learning theory (Mullins, 1999). The content motivation theory that has been chosen as one of the frameworks for this study is Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory or Motivator-Hygiene Theory.This theory basically extended Maslows hierarchy of need theory and is more directly applicable to the work situation (Steers, 1983 Kreitner and Kinicki, 1998). Herzbergs research suggested that motivation is composed of t wo largely unrelated dimensions job-related factors which can prevent dissatisfaction, but do not promote employees growth and development (hygiene) and job-related factors that encourage growth (motivators) (Steers, 1983 Kreitner and Kinicki, 1998). Herzbergs theory is the first of its kind to emphasize the importance of non-monetary rewards in motivating employees (Gevity Institute, 2005). According to this theory, satisfying experiences are most often associated with the non-monetary, or intrinsic, content of the work. This includes variables such as achievement, recognition, personal growth, personal responsibility and the characteristics of the work (Gevity Institute, 2005).These factors are called motivators. When people are satisfied, they attribute their satisfaction to the work itself and not on the environment in which they work (Manisera et al, 2005). On the other hand, dissatisfying experiences result from the extrinsic work environment (Gevity Institute, 2005). These fa ctors include company policies, salary, co-worker relations, supervisor relationships, status, supervision, personal life and job security (Herzberg, 1966 Gevity Institute, 2005). unessential factors cause a person who feels neutral about the job to feel dissatisfied and less motivated (Herzberg, 1966 Gevity Institute, 2005). The theory explains that workers basically attribute their dissatisfaction to the environment in which they work, or conditions that surround the doings of the job (Herzberg, 1966 Gevity Institute, 2005).This is also cognize as the Hygiene factor (Herzberg, 1966). This should be continually maintained because employees never completely satisfied (Manisera et al, 2005). Manisera et al (2005) noted that when the hygiene factors are very low, workers are dissatisfied. However, when hygiene factors are met, workers are not dissatisfied but it does not necessarily mean that they are satisfied or motivated to work. The same goes for the motivator factors. When moti vatorsare met, workers are satisfied leading to higher performance. However, when motivators are not met, workers are not satisfied but it does not necessarily mean they are dissatisfied with their work. For this study, the following are the motivators and hygiene that affects the employeesHygieneMotivator1.Supervisors participation level2.Supervisors directions/expectations.3.Supervisors communication approach to employees.4.Supervisors willingness to help employees on problems concerning work information or directions.5.Supervisors preferred medium when communicating with employees.6.The level of noise where communication takes place.7.How information about salaries or company policies are communicated to employees.1.The employee receives appraisals or compliments when a job is well done.2.The employee is being given awards for performance and this is broadcasted or do known throughout the company.3.The responsibility of the employee is well-communicated or well-explained in term s of its portion to the company.4.Improvements are well-communicated to employees.5.Employees receive briefing or information regarding changes in management or company policies.6.Employees feel they are part of the company.7.Employee mistake are corrected through strategic communication by the supervisor.On the other hand, the process motivation theory adopted for this study is the goal theory of motivation. In the late 1960s, Edwin Locke proposed that intentions to work toward a goal are a major source of work motivation (Locke and Latham, 1990). That means the goal will tell the people what needs to be done and how much run will need to be put in order to play the goal and target of the organization (Locke and Latham, 1990). The key steps in applying goal setting are (1) diagnosis for readiness (2) preparing employees via increased interpersonal interaction, communication,training, and action plans for goal setting (3) emphasizing the attributes of goals that should be underst ood by a manager and subordinates (4) conducting intermediate reviews to make necessary adjustments in established goals and (5) playing a final review to check the goals set, modified, and accomplished (Matteson, 1999).

Resource Identification

larn is a process that shadow be arduous or easy, depending on two main variables the student and the available resources. These resources determine the learning convolute of the student. Even if the student is intelligent and the learning rotating shafts be not sufficient, things may become difficult. Students should be able to confirm help whenever a difficult situation arrives. Easy access to these tools is key comp starnt for the success of students. The or so beneficial resources be detailed in this study.APA Information and Samples. The first and one of the most beneficial resources available is the APA Information and Samples section in the snapper of report justice (Apollo company Inc, 2008). The APA Sample Paper is an excellent call for for students who shoot information on how to format their paper. This sample paper gouge prove usageful when students are in the process of writing their paper and want to find out how to format according to APA, how to wh ite plague citations and how to leave behind references. The APA Reference and Citations document illustrates in-text citations and references for books (Apollo gathering Inc, 2008) and other sources.Citation examples are right away available for reference. Before jump-starting a paper, students are encouraged to use the APA Title Page Template. The template is properly formatted and students can get started immediately. All these APA resources can prove to be very(prenominal) helpful. union for Writing Excellence A large variety of tools are provided to students in format to mitigate their writing skills. Some of these tools are new features that are intentional to be used repeatedly. My Papers is a place where reviewed papers are stored for students.The following four resources are the primary features of Center of Writing Excellence. WritePointSM. WritePoint is a tool that finds grammar mistakes and provides feedback by inserting comments into the text of a paper (Apollo Group Inc, 2008) where required. This greatly reduces the chances of committing grammatical errors. This tool is very easy to use and has very short return time. Students can submit multiple drafts until they are satisfied with the result. Tutor Review.Tutor review is a much more all-embracing tool that is used to obtain feedback on format, grammar, organization, punctuation, and usage (Apollo Group Inc, 2008) of the submitted paper. This military service has a longer return time and is used near the start or middle of the study week. Students can use this feature to improve their writing. Plagiarism Checker is by far the most important tool in eliminating Accidental Plagiarism. It points out necessary adjustments to citations and quotation attach using APA format or rewrite their papers using sea captain material (Apollo Group Inc, 2008).Students should use this tool at least at a time before submitting the paper. Tutorials and Guides. The Tutorials and Guides section is des igned to help students improve grammar and writing skills (Apollo Group Inc, 2008). The main resources include tutorials for Grammar, Plagiarism and English Language Learners (Apollo Group Inc, 2008). The use of these resources in combination with WritePoint and Tutor review helps students obtain greater taste on writing at graduate level. Students should use these resources whenever they get a chance.University Library Meritus University has excellent resources under the library section. The search tool provided is tendinous and when used correctly, it can give large number of hits. It provides the convenience of doing search from the comfort of own study room. eBooks The eBooks section contains a wide hurl of textbooks that students can access anytime for reference. These eBooks can prove to be helpful for students who need to roam outside the course material to find what they are smell for.Classroom. All the information required for the course is under the materials tab. The Main brochure under the discussion tab is important for sharing ideas, working in concert and feedback from the instructor. The whole classroom experience is very interactive. Conclusion The above mentioned resources are designed to make the learning process easier. Students would use these resources whenever they require expeditious help without going to the instructor or classmates. With sufficient practice these tools can prove to be very useful.ReferencesApollo Group Inc. (2008). Grammar and Writing Guides. Retrieved haughty 2, 2009, from https//mycampus.meritusu.ca/staticfiles/aapd/grammar2/tutsandguides1.aspx Meritus University. (2009). Center for Writing Excellences. Retrieved August 2, 2009, from https//mycampus.meritusu.ca/classroom/ic/cwe/home.aspx Meritus University. (2009). University Library Home Page. Retrieved August 2, 2009, from http//www.apollolibrary.com/LibraryNew/library.aspx Meritus University. (2009). eBook Collection. Retrieved August 2, 2009, from https/ /mycampus.meritusu.ca/content/eBookLibrary2/content/home.aspx Meritus University. (2009). Integrated Classroom. Retrieved August 2, 2009, from https//mycampus.meritusu.ca/classroom/ic/classroom.aspx

Night World : Black Dawn Chapter 8

What atomic number 18 you doing? he repeated ferociously.His grip was annoyance her.Im throwing the weewee bag down there, Maggie verbalise. further if she was regarding, Hes so strong. Stronger than anybody Ive ever met. He could break myradiocarpal joint with kayoed even move.I bop that Why?Because its easier than carrying it down in myteeth, Maggie give tongue to. save that wasnt the real reason,of course. The truth was that she needed to excite temptation pop of the substance. She was so thirsty thatit was a kind of madness, and she was afraid ofwhat she would do if she held onto this cool, sloshing water bag much longer.He was staring at her with those startling eyes,as if he were trying to pryhis stylus into her brain.And Maggie had the odd feeling that hed succeeded, at least cold lavish that he knew the real reason she was doing this.You are an idiot, he said slowly, with cold wonder. You should listen to your body its telling youwhat it needs. You basint ign ore thirst. You cantdeny it.Yes, you can, Maggie said flatly. Her wrist was divergence numb. If this went on, she was red ink to dropthe bag involuntarily, and in the wrong place.You cant, he said, in some way reservation the wordsinto an angry hiss. I should know.Then he showed her his teeth.Maggie should collapse been prepared.Jeanne had told her. Vampires and witches and shapeshifters, shed said. And Sylvia was a witch,and capital of Switzerland had been a shapeshifter.This son was a vampire.The strange issue was that, un analogous Bern, he didntget uglier when he changed. His face seemed palerand finer, analogous something chiseled in ice. His billseneyes burned brighter, enclose by lashes that lookedeven blacker in contrast. His pupils opened and seemed to hold a darkness that could go for aperson up. provided it was the m pop outh that had changed the most.It looked even more than willful, disdainful, and sullen-and it was drawn up into a sneer to displaythe fangs.I mpressive fangs. Long, translucent white, tapering into delicate points. Shaped same(p) a cats canines,with a sheen on them like jewels. Not yellowing tusks like Berns, but delicate instruments of death.What amazed Maggie was that although helooked comp permitely different from anything shed seen before, completely abnormal, he also lookedcompletely rude(a). This was a nonher kind of creature, in effect(p) like a valet de chambre or a bear, with as muchright to live as either of them.Which didnt pie-eyed she wasnt s sustentationd. notwithstanding shewas frightened in a new way, a way ready for action.She was ready to fight, if fighting became necessary. Shed already changed that much since entering this vale fear now made her not panicked buthyper alert.If I have to defend myself I need both hands.And its better not to let him see Im scared.Maybe you cant ignore your kind of thirst, shesaid, and was pleased that her voice didnt wobble.But Im fine. Except that youre hurting my wrist. Can you please let go?For just an instant, the brilliant yellow eyesflared even brighter, and she wondered if he wasgoing to attack her. But and and so his eyelids lowered,black lashes veiling the brightness. He let go ofher wrist.Maggies ramp up sagged,and the leather bagdropped from her suddenly nerveless fingers. It landed safely at her feet. She rubbed her hand.And didnt look up a min later, when he saidwith a kind of quiet hostility, argonnt you afraidof me?Yes. It was true. And it wasnt just because hewas a vampire or because he had a power thatcould send no-account death twenty feet away. It was because of him, of the way he was. He was scary enough in and of himself.But what good is it, organism afraid? Maggie said,still rubbing her hand. If youre going to try tohurt me,ITfight back. And so far, you havent triedto hurt me. Youve only helped me.I told you, I didnt do it for you.And youll neversurvive if you keep on being insane like this. non compos mentis(predic ate) like what? Now she did look up, to seethat his eyes were burning dark gold and his fangswere gone. His mouth simply looked scornful and aristocratic.Trusting quite a little, he said, as if it should havebeen obvious. fetching care of tribe. Dont youknow that only the strong ones make it? Weak people are deadweightand if you try to help them, theyll drag you down with them.Maggie had an answer for that. Cady isntweak, she said flatly. Shes sickShell get betterif she gets the chance. And if we dont take care of to each one other, whats going to happen to all of us?He looked exasperated, and for a hardly a(prenominal) minutesthey stared at each other in usual frustration.Then Maggie bent and picked up the bag again.Id better give it to her now. Ill bring down your can teen back.Wait. His voice was abrupt and cold, unfriendly. But this time he didnt grab her.What?Follow me. He gave the order briefly andturned without pausing to see if she obeyed. It wasclear that he expectedpe ople to obey him, withoutquestions. Bring the bag, he said, without lookingover his shoulder.Maggie hesitated an instant, glancing down atCady. But the hollow was protected by the overhanging boulders Cady would be all right there for a few minutes.She followed the boy. The narrow path that wound or so the mountain was rough and primitive, break up by bands of broken, razor-sharpslate. She had to pick her way carefully slightlythem.In front of her, the boy turned toward the rocksuddenly and disappeared. When Maggie caught up, she sawing machineing machine the cave.The entrance was small, hardly more than acrack, and even Maggie had to turn and go in sideways. But inside it opened into a snuggery littleenclo accredited that smelled of dampness and cool rock.Almost no light filtered in from the alfresco instauration. Maggie blinked, trying to adjust to the neardarkness, when there was a sound like a suit strike and a smell of sulphur. A tiny flame was born, and Maggie saw the boy lighting some kindof crude stone lamp that had been carved out ofthe cave wall itself. He glanced back at her and his eyes flashed gold.But Maggie was gasping, looking around her.The light of the little flame threw a visual sense of shifting, confusing shadows everywhere, but it alsopicked out threads of sparkling quartz in the rock.The small cave had become a place of enchantment.Andatthe boys feet was something that glitteredsilver. In the lock up of the still air, Maggie couldhear the liquid, bell-like sound of water dripping.Itsa pool, the boy said. Spring fed. The watees cold, but its good. wet .Something like pure lust overcame Maggie. She took three steps forward, ignoring the boy completely, and then her legs collapsed.Shecupped a hand in the pool, felt the coolness encompass it to the wrist, and brought it out asif shewere holding liquid diamond in her palm.Shed never tasted anything asgood as that water. No Coke shed drunk on the hottest day of summer could compar e with it. It ran do herdry mouth and down her parched throatand then it seemed to spread all by her, sparklingthrough her body, soothing and reviving her. A sort of crystal clearness entered her brain. She drankand drank in a state of pure bliss.And then, when she was in the even more blissfulstate of being not thirsty anymore, she plunged the leather bag under the surface to invade it.Whats that for? But there was a certain resignation in the boys voice.Cady. I have to get back to her. Maggie sat backon her heels and looked at him. The light dancedand flickered around him, glinting bronze off hisdark hair, casting half his face in shadow.Thank you, she said, quietly, but in a voice thatshook slightly. I think you probably saved mylife again.You were really thirsty.Yeah. She stood up.But when you thought there wasnt enoughwater, you were going to give it to her. He couldntseem to get over the concept. YeahEven if it meant you expiry?I didnt die, Maggie pointed out. And I wasnt planning to. Butyeah, I guess, if there wasnt anyother choice. She saw him staring at her in utterbewilderment. I took responsibility for her, shesaid, trying to explain. Its like when you take ina cat, or-or its like being a queen or something.If you say youre going to be responsible for your subjects, you are. You owe them subsequentlyward.Something glimmered in his golden eyes, just fora moment. It could have been a dagger point ofanger or just a spark of astonishment. there wasa silence.Its not thatweird, people taking care of each other, Maggie said, looking at his shadowed face.Doesnt anybody do it here?He gave a short laugh. Hardly, he said dryly.The nobles know how to take care of themselves.And the slaves have to fight each other to survive. He added abruptly, All of which you should know.But of course youre not from here. Youre fromOutside.I didnt know if you knew slightly Outside, Mag gie said.There isnt supposed to be any contact. Therewasnt for approximately five h undred years. But whenmy-when the old king died, they opened the pass,again and started take in slaves from the outside world. New blood. He said it simply andmatter-of-factly. sight men, Maggie thought. For years there had been rumors about the Cascades, about menwho lived in vague places among the glaciers andpreyed on climbers. Men or monsters. There were forever hikers who claimed to have seen Bigfoot.And perhaps they had-or maybe theyd seen ashapeshifter like Bern.And you think thats okay, she said out loud.Grabbing people from the outside world and dragging them in here to be slaves.Notpeople.Humans.Humansarevermintheyre not intelligent. He said it in that same dispassionate tone, looking right at her.Are you crazy?Maggies fists were clenched herhead was lowered. Stomping time. She glared upat him through narrowed lashes. Youre talking to a humans right now. Am I intelligent or not?Youre a slave without any manners, he saidcurtly. And the law says I could kill you for the way youretalkingto me.His voice was so cold, so arrogantbut Maggiewas starting not to believe it.That couldnt be all there was to him. Becausehe was the boy in her dream.The gentle, humane boy whod looked ather with a flame of love behind his yellow eyes,and whod held her with such(prenominal) tender intensity, hisheart beating against hers, his breath on her cheek. That boy had been real-and even if it didnt makeany sense, Maggie was somehow certain of it. And no matter how cold and arrogant this one seemed, they had to be part of each other.It didnt make her less afraid of this one, exactly.But it made her more determined to ignore herfear.In my dream, she said deliberately, advancinga step on him, you cared about at least onehuman. You deficiencyed to take care of me.You shouldnt even be allowedto dream aboutme, he said. His voice wasas tense and grim asever, but as Maggie got closer to him, looking directly up into his face, he did something that amazed her. He fell back a st ep.Why not? Because Im a slave? Im a person.She took another step forward, still looking at him challengingly. And I dont believe that youre asbad as you say you are. I think I saw what youwere really like in my dream.Youre crazy, he said. He didnt back up anyfarther, there was nowhere left to go. But his wholebody was taut. Why should I want to take care of you? he added in a cold and swaggering voice.Whats so special about you?It was a good question, and for a moment Maggie was shaken. Tears sprang to her eyes.I dont know, she said honestly. Im nobodyspecial. There isntany reason for you to care aboutme. But it doesnt matter. You saved my life whenBern was going to kill me, and you gave me waterwhen you knew I needed it. You can talk all youwant, but those are the facts. Maybe you just care about everybody, underneath. Or-She never finished the last sentence.As she had been speaking to him, she was doingsomething she always did, that was instinctive to.,her when she felt some str ong emotion. She had done it with P.J. and with Jeanne and with Cady.She reached out toward him. And although shewas only dimly aware that he was pulling his handsback to avoid her, she adjusted automatically,catching his wrists.And that was when she woolly her voice and whatshe was saying flew out of her head. Because something happened. Something that she couldnt ex plain, that was stranger than secret kingdoms orvampires or witchcraft.It happened justas her fingers closed on hishands. It was the first time they had touched like that, arrant(a) skin to bare skin. When he had grabbed her wrist before, her jacket sleeve had been in be tween them.It started as an almost painful jolt, a pulsatingthrill that zigged up her arm and then sweptthrough her body. Maggie gasped, but somehowshe couldnt let go of his hand. Like someone beingelectrocuted, she was gelid in place.The blue fire, she thought wildly. Hes doing thesame thing to me that he did to Bern.But the succeeding(prenominal) instant she knew that he wasnt. This wasnt the savage energy that had killed Bern, and it wasnt anything the boy was doing to her. Itwas something being done to both of them, by some incredibly powerful source outside either of them.And it was trying to open a channel. Thatwas the only way Maggie could place it. It was blazing a path open in her mind, and connectingit to his.She feltas if she had turned around and unexpectedly found herself facing another persons soul.A soul that was hanging there, without protection,already in helpless communication with hers.It was by far the most intense thing that hadever happened to her. Maggie gasped again, seeingstars, and then her legs melted and she fellforwardHe caught her, but he couldnt stand up either.Maggie knew that as well as she knew what wasgoing on in her own body. He sank to his knees, holding her.What are you doing to me?It was a thought, but it wasnt Maggies. It washis.I dont know Im not doing it I dont understandMaggie had no idea how to send herthoughts to another person. But she didnt need to,it was simply happening. A pure line of communication had been opened between them. It was afierce and terrible thing, a bit like being coalesced together by a bolt of lightning, but it was also so wonderful that Maggies entire skin was prickling and her mind was hushed with awe.She felt as if shed been lifted into some new andwonderful place that most people never even saw. The air around her seemed to quiver with invisible wings.This is how people are supposed to be,shethought. Joined like this. Open to each other. Withnothing hidden and no stupid walls between them.A thought came back at her, sharp and quickasa hammer strike. NoIt was so cold, so full of rejection, that for a moment Maggie was taken aback. But then she sensedwhat else was behind it.Anger and fear. He was afraid of this, andof her. He felt invaded. Exposed.Well, I do, too,Maggie said mentally. It wasntthat she wasnt afraid. It was that her fear was irrelevant. The tie that held them was so much morepowerful than either of them, so immeasurably ancient, that fear was natural but not important. The same light shone through each of them, strippingaway their shields, reservation them transparent toeach other.Its all right for you. Because you dont have any thing to be ashamed ofThe thought flashed by so quickly that Maggie wasnt even sure she hadheard it.What do you mean?she thought. Wait Delos.That was his name. Delos Redfern. She knew itnow, as unquestionably as she knew the names ofher own family. She realized, too, as a matter of minor importance, an afterthought, that he was a prince. A vampire prince whod been born to rule this secret kingdom, as the Redfern family had command it for centuries.The old king was your father,she said to him. And he died three years ago, when you were fourteen. Youve been popular opinion ever since.He was pulling away from her mentally, trying tobreak the contact between them. Its none of your business, he snarled.Please wait,Maggie said. But as she chased after him mentally, trying to catch him, to help him,something shocking and new happened, like a second bolt of lightning.